Collaborative Research: Volcanic Records from the Siple and Taylor Dome Ice Cores, Antarctica

合作研究：南极洲 Siple 和 Taylor Dome 冰芯的火山记录

• 批准号: 9615167
• 负责人: Nelia Dunbar
• 金额: $ 4.74万
• 依托单位: New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-04-15 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9615167&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Volcanic; Records; Siple

9614384 Zielinski 9615167 Dunbar This award supports a project to characterize the volcanic material in the Siple Dome and Taylor Dome ice cores. The time series of volcanic aerosol and tephra deposition available in high-resolution, bi-polar ice cores is the most reliable means of developing continuous and lengthy records of past volcanic activity and assessing the climatic and environmental impact of global volcanism. The volcanic records from the Siple Dome ice core, initial ice core in the West Antarctica Ice Core Program (WAISCORES), and the Taylor Dome core, recently collected from the Transantarctic Mountains, will provide the Southern Hemisphere component of this record. These results will complement the lengthy GISP2 volcanic record from Greenland. Annual resolution should be available in the Siple Dome core for the Holocene resulting in the longest volcanic record with such resolution from Antarctica. Total length of record thought to be available from the Siple Dome core is 80,000 years whereas that for the Taylor Dome core is probably over 100,000 years. Although temporal resolution will be much coarser in the glacial portion of the Siple Dome core and in much of the Taylor Dome core, correlations and comparisons of the volcanic records from those cores with those from the GISP2 core are still possible. Evaluation of the timing of the volcanic signals in relationship to the record of changing climatic conditions available in these ice cores provides critical information on the climate forcing capabilities of global volcanism on decadal to century time scales through the Holocene. The key to developing a reliable chronology of past volcanism from the Siple Dome core is the simultaneous and continuous measurement of SO42-, a direct measure of the volcanic H2SO4 produced from the eruption, and the search for tephra in the same subsamples over the entire length of the core. The glaciochemical record will be available through other investigator s in the Siple Dome project. The glaciochemical record for the Taylor Dome core is presently available. Locating tephra and identifying the source of the volcanic glass through both optical microscope and microbeam (both electron and ion microprobes) analyses will verify the source of the chemical signal and help differentiate between equatorial and local eruptions. Comparisons with the GISP2 volcanic record will assist in achieving this goal. This multiparameter approach to deciphering the volcanic record will improve on our understanding of the influence of volcanism on climate both interhemispherically and intrahemispherically. The correlation of tephra found in these cores with that found in marine sediments and in the terrestrial record will expand on the chronology of global volcanism and improve the correlation among ice core, marine, and terrestrial proxy climatic records. Visible tephra layers that should exist in the Siple Dome core and do exist in the Taylor Dome core will provide additional absolute time lines for possible correlations between the two cores, among previously collected Antarctica ice cores and with tephra studies in blue ice areas of Western Antarctica and the Transantarctic Mountains.

9614384 Zielinski 9615167 Dunbar该奖项支持一个项目，以表征Siple Dome和Taylor Dome Ice Reces中的火山材料。 高分辨率冰芯提供的火山气溶胶和Tephra沉积的时间序列是开发过去火山活动的连续且冗长的记录，并评估全球火山主义的气候和环境影响的最可靠手段。 来自Siple Dome Ice Core的火山记录，南极冰核计划（WAISCORES）的初始冰芯以及最近从跨北极山脉收集的Taylor Dome Core将提供此记录的南半球成分。 这些结果将补充格陵兰岛的冗长GISP2火山记录。 年度分辨率应在全新世的Siple Dome核心中获得，这是最长的火山记录，而南极洲的这种分辨率。 从Siple Dome Core可用的总记录长度为80,000年，而对于Taylor Dome Core的总长度可能超过100，000年。 尽管时间分辨率在Siple Dome核心的冰川部分以及在泰勒圆顶核心的大部分中会更加粗糙，但是仍然有可能，这些核心与GISP2核心的火山记录的相关性和比较仍然是可能的。 评估火山信号与这些冰芯中可变气候条件的记录的关系的时间安排，提供了有关气候强迫全球火山的气候强迫能力在十年到世纪至世纪的时间尺度上通过全新世进行的关键信息。 从Siple Dome核心开发出可靠的过去火山的可靠年表的关键是对SO42-的同时且连续测量，这是对喷发产生的火山H2SO4的直接测量，在整个核心的整个长度上都在同一子样本中寻找Tephra。 冰川化记录将通过Siple Dome项目中的其他研究者提供。 泰勒圆顶核心的冰川化记录目前可用。 通过光学显微镜和微束（电子和离子微探针）分析定位tephra并确定火山玻璃的来源将验证化学信号的来源，并有助于区分赤道和局部喷发。 与GISP2火山记录的比较将有助于实现这一目标。 这种破译火山记录的多参数方法将改善我们对火山症对气候影响的理解，无论是在emsem骨上和余额上。 在这些核心中发现的Tephra与海洋沉积物中发现的Tephra的相关性和陆地记录中的相关性将扩大全球火山的年代学，并改善冰核，海洋和陆地代理气候记录之间的相关性。 在泰勒圆顶核心中应该存在的可见tephra层将为两大核之间的可能相关性提供额外的绝对时间线，在先前收集的南极冰核中，以及在南极西部蓝冰地区和跨抗山脉的蓝冰地区进行的Tephra研究。