SGER: Development of GFP-chromosome Tagging System

SGER：GFP 染色体标签系统的开发

• 批准号: 9610330
• 负责人: Dean Dawson
• 金额: $ 4.96万
• 依托单位: Tufts University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-15 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9610330&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Development; GFP; chromosome; Tagging

Dawson 9610330 The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a favored organism for the study of meiotic chromosome behavior because of its genetic tractability. Its primary deficiency as an organism for studying meiosis is that its chromosomes are very small and their behavior can not be observed in meiotic cells. The goal of this Small Grant for Exploratory Research is to develop a novel system that could allow the visualization chromosomes in living meiotic yeast cells. The system would be based on the binding of green fluorescent protein hybrid molecules to sites placed on specific chromosomes. Current understanding of the behavior of meiotic chromosomes has been gleaned primarily by a combination of genetic and cell biological studies. Often these studies have been performed in different organisms. For example, yeast has lent itself well to genetic studies while plants and insects, because their chromosomes can be visualized in living cells with a light microscope, have provided cell biologists with invaluable insights. The coupling of these approaches would be especially powerful because it would permit the visualization of chromosome behavior in mutants known by genetic analysis to be defective in aspects of meiotic chromosome segregation (pairing, recombination, synaptonemal complex formation, spindle assembly and chromosome movement). In the past decade a large collection of yeast mutants with meiotic defects have been identified. The development of a system for viewing chromosome behavior in these mutants and wild type cells would have a tremendous impact on our understanding of the manner in which proper chromosome behavior is established, a process essential to all sexually reproducing higher organisms.

Dawson 9610330 酿酒酵母因其遗传易处理性而成为研究减数分裂染色体行为的首选生物体。 作为研究减数分裂的生物体，其主要缺陷是其染色体非常小，无法在减数分裂细胞中观察到它们的行为。 这项探索性研究小额资助的目标是开发一种新的系统，可以实现活减数分裂酵母细胞中染色体的可视化。 该系统将基于绿色荧光蛋白杂合分子与特定染色体上位点的结合。 目前对减数分裂染色体行为的理解主要是通过遗传和细胞生物学研究的结合来收集的。 这些研究通常是在不同的生物体中进行的。 例如，酵母非常适合遗传学研究，而植物和昆虫，因为它们的染色体可以用光学显微镜在活细胞中可视化，为细胞生物学家提供了宝贵的见解。 这些方法的结合将特别强大，因为它将允许通过遗传分析已知在减数分裂染色体分离（配对、重组、联会复合体形成、纺锤体组装和染色体运动）方面存在缺陷的突变体中染色体行为的可视化。 在过去的十年中，已经鉴定出大量具有减数分裂缺陷的酵母突变体。 开发用于观察这些突变体和野生型细胞中染色体行为的系统将对我们理解正确染色体行为的建立方式产生巨大影响，这是所有有性繁殖的高等生物体所必需的过程。