Creating Constitutional Consciousness in Post-Communist Society

在后共产主义社会中创造宪法意识

基本信息

批准号：
9411889
负责人：
Kim Lane Scheppele
金额：
$ 14万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1994-08-01 至 1996-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9411889&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Creating Constitutional Consciousness Post Communist

项目摘要

9411889 SCHEPPELE The late 20th century is witnessing one of the most revolutionary but peaceful political transformations in history, the transition from regimes of state socialism to regimes characterized by pluralism, democratic institutions, and the rule of law. This research project examines the creation of the rule of law in Hungary, which has moved farthest along the path toward creating a state where a written constitution meaningfully constrains and guides day-to-day politics. At the center of this transition in Hungary is the powerful Constitutional Court which has already acted aggressively to uphold a strong vision of human rights, separation of powers, and constitutional regularity. Acting on the basis of petitions from ordinary citizens, the Constitutional Court has struck down many statutes since 1990 on constitutional grounds; the Parliament has re-worked most of these to comply with the Court's interpretation of the Constitution. Analysis of the development and legitimation of this Court will make a major contribution to our knowledge of the role of constitutionalism in the democratization process. The PI will be examining petitions to the Court from January 1990 to see what it is that ordinary citizens in this new democracy believe a Constitution should do. The analysis will include what the Court does with these petitions, how they are turned into constitutional questions, and the effects of the Court's rulings on everyday politics in Hungary. ***

9411889 Scheppele 20世纪后期目睹了历史上最革命性但和平的政治转变之一，从国家社会主义政权到以多元化，民主制度和法治为特征的政权的过渡。该研究项目研究了匈牙利的法治的建立，匈牙利的法治沿着建立书面宪法有意义地限制并指导日常政治的状态的道路走了最远的道路。在匈牙利这种过渡的核心是强大的宪法法院，该法院已经积极采取行动，以维护对人权，权力分离和宪法规律性的强烈愿景。宪法法院根据普通公民的请愿书行事，自1990年以来，宪法理由驳回了许多法规。议会已经重新努力遵守法院对宪法的解释。对本法院的发展和合法化的分析将为我们对宪政在民主化过程中的作用的了解做出重大贡献。 PI将从1990年1月开始审查向法院的请愿书，以了解新民主中普通公民认为宪法应该做什么。该分析将包括法院对这些请愿书的所作所为，如何将其变成宪法问题以及法院裁决对匈牙利日常政治的影响。 ***