LMER: Plum Island Sound Comparative Ecosystems Study (PISCES): Effects of Land Use and Organic Matter - Nutrient Interactions on Estuarine Trophic Dynamics

LMER：普拉姆岛健全比较生态系统研究（PISCES）：土地利用和有机物-养分相互作用对河口营养动态的影响

• 批准号: 9214461
• 负责人: Charles Hopkinson
• 金额: $ 178万
• 依托单位: Marine Biological Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9214461&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: LMER; Plum; Island; Sound; Comparative

Nutrient movement into estuaries and the resulting effects on primary productivity, the depletion of oxygen, habitat structure, and trophic changes in coastal waters have dominated estuarine research for decades. Another, and neglected, linkage between land and coastal waters is the input of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and organic nitrogen. Organic nitrogen inputs are frequently greater than inorganic nitrogen inputs and in many cases the input of organic carbon from land is greater than the in situ production of organic carbon. Despite the quantitative importance of organic matter inputs from land, there is little data on its actual use in coastal waters and even less data on effects of organic matter loading on coastal ecosystem structure and function. Recent developments in the chemical analysis of dissolved organic C and N and stable isotope tracer technology now make it possible to refine the input-output budgets and also address the fate and importance of organic matter entering coastal waters from land. Two broad questions addressed in this project are: (1) What is the importance to estuarine ecosystems of organic carbon and organic nitrogen inputs from watersheds with various land covers and uses? and (2) Does the interaction of inorganic nutrients with the quantity and quality of organic carbon and organic nitrogen play an important role in determining the trophic structure, production, and trophic efficiency in estuaries? This project will attempt to answer these questions through measurements of the quantity of dissolved and particulate organic carbon and organic nitrogen entering coastal waters from land, through experiments to determine the effects of various nutrient and organic matter inputs and interactions on the flow and recycling of C and N through pelagic and benthic food webs including higher trophic levels, and through modeling of food chain transformations and the effects of changes in land use and land cover. The proposed research integrates estuarine biogeochemistry with studies of food webs and population biology of higher trophic levels. Site-specific research will be focused in the Plum Island Sound System of the cold-water Acadian Biogeographic Province in northern New England. This projects seeks conclusions and models that are applicable across a wide range of coastal waters; hypothesis testing of specific questions across ecosystems is the most effective way to achieve this goal. This project will combine experimental studies in the Plum Island Sound Ecosystem with comparative studies at different coastal sites (LMER/LTER) chosen to represent end-members in an analysis of interactions between organic matter and inorganic nutrient loading.

养分流入河口，以及对主要生产力的影响，氧气的耗竭，栖息地结构和沿海水域的营养变化已在河口研究中占据了数十年的占主导地位。 陆地和沿海水之间的另一个且被忽视的是溶解和颗粒有机碳和有机氮的输入。有机氮输入通常大于无机氮输入，在许多情况下，从土地上的有机碳输入大于有机碳的原位产生。 尽管有机物输入来自土地的定量重要性，但关于其在沿海水域的实际用途的数据很少，关于有机物负载对沿海生态系统结构和功能的影响的数据更少。 现在，溶解有机C和N的化学分析以及稳定的同位素示踪剂技术的最新发展使得可以完善投入输出预算，并解决从土地进入沿海水域进入沿海水域的有机物的命运和重要性。 该项目中提出的两个广泛的问题是：（1）从具有各种土地覆盖物和用途的流域中有机碳和有机氮输入的河口生态系统的重要性？ （2）无机养分与有机碳和有机氮的数量和质量的相互作用在确定河口的营养结构，产生和营养效率方面起着重要作用？ 该项目将尝试通过测量溶解和颗粒物有机碳和有机氮的数量，通过实验进入沿海水域，通过实验来确定各种营养和有机物输入的影响，以及通过层次和薄荷层进行覆盖和覆盖范围的范围和覆盖范围，以及覆盖范围和范围的范围，以及覆盖范围和范围的范围，并通过建模和建模范围来构建范围，并将其互动对C和N的循环循环，并逐步进行了覆盖，并建立了范围的范围。 拟议的研究将河口生物地球化学与对食物网和较高营养水平的人群生物学的研究相结合。 特定地点的研究将集中在新英格兰北部冷水阿卡迪亚生物地理省的梅岛音响系统中。 该项目寻求结论和模型，这些结论和模型适用于广泛的沿海水域； 对生态系统中特定问题的假设检验是实现这一目标的最有效方法。该项目将在梅岛声音生态系统中的实验研究与选择代表最终成员的不同沿海地区（LMER/lter）的比较研究结合在一起，以分析有机物与无机养分负荷之间的相互作用。