The Molecular Organization of Yeast Chromosome I: Control of Meiotic Recombination

酵母 I 号染色体的分子组织：减数分裂重组的控制

基本信息

批准号：
9120264
负责人：
David Kaback
金额：
$ 32.9万
依托单位：
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey-RBHS-New Jersey Med
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1992-03-15 至 1995-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9120264&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Molecular Organization Yeast Chromosome Control

项目摘要

Chromosomes are the organelles that express, replicate and faithfully transfer the genetic material. We are interested in the mechanism of meiotic chromosome function in the model recombination and then segregate from each other. Meiotic recombination is required for the proper segregation of homologues. However, the mechanisms that control and insure that all chromosomes undergo meiotic recombination are not understood. Chromosome I is the smallest S. cerevisiae chromosome and has a significantly higher rate of meiotic recombination than larger S. cerevisiae chromosomes. The high rate of recombination is necessary to insure that chromosome I homologues always recombine with each other. We will examine the mechanisms that control recombination on this well characterized chromosome. We propose that there is a global control that affects the entire chromosome and may be mediated by crossover interference. Evidence for global control comes from studies that show recombination rates are directly affected by chromosome size. We will characterize this control by studying the effects of moving large regions of chromosome I to larger and smaller chromosomal DNA molecules. We will quantitate the extent of the control and determine whether specific chromosomal sequences are involved. To better understand the mechanism of crossover interference, we will determine the amount of DNA affected by it and isolate mutants that are defective in this control. Finally we will construct a minimal size meiotically functional chromosome fragment that undergoes meiotic recombination at the maximum possible rate. This minichromosome will serve as a model for physical studies on meiotic recombination. The information we obtain in these studies will enable us to better understand how recombination is controlled so that chromosomes pair and segregate properly during meiosis.

染色体是表达，复制并忠实地转移遗传物质的细胞器。我们对模型重组中减数分裂染色体功能的机制感兴趣，然后彼此分离。适当的同源物分离需要减数分裂重组。然而，尚不清楚控制和确保所有染色体都有减数分裂重组的机制。染色体I是最小的酿酒酵母染色体，比大酿酒酵母染色体的减数分裂重组率明显高。重组率高是为了确保染色体I同源物总是相互重组的。我们将检查控制这种特征性染色体的重组的机制。我们建议有一个全球控制会影响整个染色体，并且可以通过交叉干扰介导。全球控制的证据来自研究表明重组率直接受染色体大小影响的研究。我们将通过研究将大型染色体I染色体I向较大和较小的染色体DNA分子的影响来表征这种控制。我们将量化对照的程度，并确定是否涉及特定的染色体序列。为了更好地理解交叉干扰的机制，我们将确定受其影响的DNA量以及在该对照中有缺陷的分离物突变体的量。最后，我们将构建最小尺寸的减数分裂功能性染色体片段，以最大可能的速率进行减数分裂重组。该微小浓度小体将作为减数分裂重组的物理研究的模型。我们在这些研究中获得的信息将使我们能够更好地了解重组的控制方式，从而使染色体在减数分裂过程中正确地分离。