Ozone Depletion, Ultraviolet Radiation and Phytoplankton Biology in Antarctic Waters

南极水域的臭氧消耗、紫外线辐射和浮游植物生物学

基本信息

批准号：
9002872
负责人：
Deneb Karentz
金额：
$ 7.86万
依托单位：
University of California-San Francisco
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-04-01 至 1992-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9002872&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Ozone Depletion Ultraviolet Radiation Phytoplankton

项目摘要

The Antarctic is now experiencing large springtime losses of stratospheric ozone, resulting in an increase in ultraviolet B (UVB, 280-320nm) radiation. The magnitude of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface now approaches that measured in tropical latitudes. Perhaps more importantly, UVB radiation has increased in the Antarctic while both UVA (320-400nm) and photosynthetically available radiation (PAR, 400-700nm) have remained unchanged. Recent improvements in atmospheric modeling and technology in oceanographic instrumentation will be used in a six week field study during the austral spring 1990. The prime objective will be to document the impact of UV radiation on the phytoplankton community during the ice-edge spring bloom. During this time, oceanographic processes create favorable conditions for increased UVB susceptibility. Biological and bio-optical information will be used to define and quantify linkages between ozone-dependent oscillations in UV to PAR ratios and phytoplankton productivity. Special emphasis will be place on defining biological restraints imposed by enhanced UVB and altered UVB:UVA:PAR ratios on the balance of UVB photodamage to photorepair, photoprotective and photosynthetic mechanisms operating in the Southern Ocean. The overall aim is to test the hypothesis that phytoplankton in Antarctic waters are adversely influenced by ozone depletion.

南极现在正在经历平流层臭氧的春季损失，导致紫外线B（UVB，280-320nm）辐射增加。现在到达热带纬度测量的紫外线辐射的大小。也许更重要的是，南极的UVB辐射增加了，而UVA（320-400nm）和光合辐射（PAR，400-700Nm）均保持不变。在1990年澳大利亚春季的六周野外研究中，将使用海洋学仪器中大气建模和技术的最新改进。主要目的是记录冰河辐射对冰河春季盛开期间紫外线辐射对浮游植物的影响。在此期间，海洋学过程为UVB敏感性提高创造了有利的条件。生物学和生物光学信息将用于定义和量化紫外线与PAR比率的臭氧依赖性振荡与浮游植物生产率之间的联系。特殊重点将放在定义通过增强的UVB和改变UVB施加的生物限制：UVA：PAR比率在UVB光损伤与光塑料，光保护和光合作用机制的平衡上。总体目的是检验以下假设：南极水中的浮游植物受到臭氧耗竭的不利影响。