Experimental Study of the Acoustic Fluidization Mechanism for Large Landslides and Earthquakes

大型滑坡和地震的声流化机理实验研究

• 批准号: 8916005
• 负责人: H. Melosh
• 金额: $ 4.02万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-03-01 至 1992-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8916005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Study; Acoustic; Fluidization; Mechanism

Large landslides occur after an energetic trigger event, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, which activates a mechanism called "acoustic fluidization", in accordance with a theory developed by the principal investigator. He has demonstrated that acoustic energy does facilitate the flow of rock debris in some preliminary experiments. Still, one of the major areas of uncertainty in this mechanism is the value of certain important material parameters that describe the production, scattering, and ultimately the loss of vibrational (acoustic) energy in a mass of lose rock debris. An experimental program to evaluate these parameters in the laboratory will be undertaken in which the stress-strain rate relation in a vibrating mass of debris will be measured, the physics of wave propagation and scattering in the debris will be studied, and the rate at which energy is lost by internal dissipation and gained during shearing of the debris mass will be estimated. This work will provide a better understanding of large-scale gravitational land failures.

根据主要研究者提出的理论，大型山体滑坡是在地震和火山爆发等高能触发事件之后发生的，这会激活一种称为“声流化”的机制。 他在一些初步实验中证明了声能确实促进了岩石碎片的流动。 尽管如此，该机制的主要不确定性领域之一是某些重要材料参数的值，这些参数描述了大量丢失岩石碎片中振动（声学）能量的产生、散射和最终损失。 将在实验室中进行评估这些参数的实验计划，其中将测量碎片振动质量中的应力-应变率关系，研究碎片中波传播和散射的物理原理，并研究碎片中的波传播和散射的速率。将估计由于内部耗散而损失的能量以及在碎片质量剪切期间获得的能量。 这项工作将有助于更好地理解大规模重力土地失效。