创始CEO领导力、高成长创业行为与创业绩效的纵向研究与实验模拟

On the basis of the core concept of High Growth Entrepreneurial Behavior, the project focuses on the theoretical issue "how the interaction between founding CEO and core members impacts the venture performance", by examining the moderating effects of two development stages (nascent/young period) and two environmental situations (dynamic/stable), with a series of incremental empirical studies:. (1)Applying Entrepreneurial Leadership Theory and Stewardship Theory, this sub-study starts from the founding CEO Visionary Leadership, and then explores the mechanism of High Growth Entrepreneurial Behavior, proposed to be moderated by stewardship orientation of core members; .(2)Identifying the model of High Growth Entrepreneurial Behavior and two dimensions (Multiple Improvement Activities/Swift Action), this sub-study examines the its mediating role in the relationship between founding CEO Visionary Leadership and venture performance. Subsequently, this mediating process is supposed to be disclosed deeply, on the circumstances of two development stage (nascent/young period) and two environmental situation (dynamic/stable). .(3)Following the Social Cognition Theory, this sub-study endeavors to look into the entrepreneurial affect, one of the emerging issues in entrepreneurship research, and reveals the complex mechanism of moderating effects of "environment and affect" occurring on the causal relationship of "founding CEO leadership-High Growth Entrepreneurial Behavior-venture performance". .(4)Utilizing a computer-based simulation technique, this sub-study re-validate the dynamics of "founding CEO leadership-High Growth Entrepreneurial Behavior-venture performance", by simultaneously comparing the influencing patterns and intensity of the mult-factors..The project is supposed to offer new understanding about the behavioral aspects of entrepreneurship dynamics, and contribute to the literature of leadership as well. The implication could be provided specifically for the potential entrepreneurs and policymakers on how to foster the entrepreneurial leadership and shape positive venture performance.

本项目紧扣"创始CEO与核心成员的互动过程如何影响创业绩效"这一主线，围绕高成长创业行为(个体/集体层面)这一核心构念，以新创企业的两个发展阶段（创建/建成）和两种环境条件（动态/稳态）为调节点，开展系列"递进式"实证研究：【1】借鉴创业领导理论、管家理论，以创始CEO的愿景型领导为切入点，以核心成员管家导向为调节点，指出高成长创业行为的生成机制;【2】借鉴高成长创业行为模型及其二维构面（多重改进行动和迅速行动），揭示创始CEO愿景型领导和创业绩效之间的中介机制。进而诠释多重改进行动和迅速行动在两个发展阶段和两种环境条件下与创业绩效的特定关联机制;【3】借鉴社会认知理论，以创业情感为切入点，探索高成长创业行为、环境条件与创业情感存在的三维交互作用，进一步揭示创业绩效产生的复杂规律;【4】借助计算机仿真实验技术，模拟"创始CEO-高成长创业行为-绩效"的动态过程，全面揭示各因素的影响方式。

本项目填补了以往创业研究忽视领导人和创业团队互动关系的空白点。此前研究普遍聚焦在两个方面，或是考察创始人和创业绩效之间的关系，或是有关创业团队和创业绩效的研究。本项目指出创业者和创业团队的关系是一种“启承”关系。这种关系不是以往领导理论所说的“上下级”的指令关系，也不仅仅是团队理论强调的“成员-成员”之间的水平关系，更不是治理理论主张的“委托-代理”交易关系。 . 本项目通过收集纵向数据，建构了多阶段多层次的数据模型。数据库采用分层随机方式建立，包括了56个科技型创业团队和262个创业团队成员数据，为产出高水平的研究成果提供了坚实基础。本项目遵循创业组织“创始领导人→创业团队互动→创业绩效”这个因果逻辑展开，分三个方面。. 1.揭示创业组织创始CEO领导力类型与特点。. 2.透视创业团队互动的心理机制。. 3.测量创业绩效的多层次影响机制。. . 本项目发现创始CEO领导力常见有创业型领导力、参与型领导和家长式领导力三种，通过纵向实证研究发现其作用机制：. 1.创业型领导力激发创业团队的心理安全感，进而形成高水平的创业绩效和高水平的创业成员个体绩效。创业型领导力，一种面向创新和挑战风险的领导力，在创业活动中具有跨层次的、显著的正向作用。心理安全感则是这个关系路径的中介机制 。. 2.参与型领导力激发创业团队的内部信任（横向水平式）和对领导信任（纵向上下式），进而形成较高水平的创业绩效和高水平的团队成员个体绩效。参与型领导力，一种鼓励参与和谏言的领导过程，在创业活动中具有跨层次的、较为显著的正向作用。信任则是这个关系路径的中介机制，其中创业团队内部信任最为显著，对领导信任的情感维度较为显著，而对领导信任的认知维度则不显著 。. 3.家长式领导力未能激发创业团队的内部信任和心理安全感，有碍于创业团队绩效，应当引起创业者高度重视。在特定情境下，如高度不确定性创业环境中，家长式领导力中的仁慈维度能够一定程度抵消威严维度的负面影响，证明“恩威并济”作为一种创始人领导力的现实存在感。

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