Mathematical modelling of human hematopoiesis

人类造血的数学模型

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05062
• 负责人: Humphries, Antony
• 金额: $ 5.25万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=758998
• 关键词: Mathematical; modelling; human; hematopoiesis

Human hematopoiesis is a beautiful full organ system for studying cellular proliferation, differentiation and maturation. A small number of long term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which reside in the bone marrow and may divide as rarely as once every 10 months, sit at the heart of a vast web of production which produces more than 1011 blood cells per day. This process requires many cellular divisions and takes several weeks from the initial differentiation of a long term HSC until resulting mature cells appear in circulation. Remarkably, all the different blood cell types including neutrophils, monocytes, erythrocytes and platelets among others are created from a small pool of apparently homogeneous HSCs in this way. Despite the tremendous production rate, significant maturation delays in the system, and need to produce different quantities of various daughter cells, for nearly all individuals hematopoiesis proceeds flawlessly over many decades, implying the existence of finely tuned control mechanisms and feedback loops. Most of the production process occurs in the bone marrow where direct observation is markedly more difficult than in the circulation. Consequently, we mathematically model the dynamics and processes occurring in the bone marrow, using observations of the changing circulating concentrations of mature cells to validate the models. Using such models we will elucidate the processes taking place in the bone marrow in a non-invasive manner. Our main objective is to understand the regulation of normal hematopoiesis, and to do this we will study the principal cytokines and the control loops formed by their kinetics and dynamics. We already modelled in detail the kinetics and dynamics of G-CSF, the main cytokine acting in granulopoiesis, and demonstrated how it regulates the production of neutrophils. We will extend our modelling to include monocytes and erythrocytes and their associated cytokines. Recent insights into human HSC physiology will be translated into a mathematical model for HSC regulation that distinguishes between long, intermediate and short term HSCs, and includes both symmetric and asymmetric cell division. Our mathematical models are mechanistic with each variable, coefficient and function representing a specific cell type or process. They are typically stated as systems of delay-differential equations, where delays arise due to the time to complete the cell cycle or due to maturation times. Because hematopoiesis is usually so well regulated, to gain insight into its control mechanisms it is necessary to consider the system when not at homeostasis. Data from various sources, including administering synthetic forms of cytokines to healthy subjects, or to patients undergoing chemotherapy or autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, will be used to guide our modelling and reveal the details of the feedback loops that control hematopoiesis.

人类造血是一个美丽的完整器官系统，用于研究细胞增殖、分化和成熟。少量长期造血干细胞 (HSC) 存在于骨髓中，每 10 个月分裂一次，它们位于每天产生超过 1011 个血细胞的庞大生产网络的核心。这个过程需要多次细胞分裂，并且从长期 HSC 的初始分化到产生的成熟细胞出现在循环中需要数周时间。值得注意的是，所有不同的血细胞类型，包括中性粒细胞、单核细胞、红细胞和血小板等，都是通过这种方式从一小部分明显同质的 HSC 中产生的。 尽管生产率巨大，但系统的成熟延迟显着，并且需要产生不同数量的各种子细胞，但对于几乎所有个体来说，造血作用在数十年中都完美地进行，这意味着存在微调的控制机制和反馈回路。大多数生产过程发生在骨髓中，直接观察明显比循环中更困难。因此，我们通过观察成熟细胞循环浓度的变化来验证模型，对骨髓中发生的动力学和过程进行数学建模。使用这样的模型，我们将以非侵入性方式阐明骨髓中发生的过程。 我们的主要目标是了解正常造血的调节，为此，我们将研究主要细胞因子及其动力学和动力学形成的控制环。我们已经详细模拟了 G-CSF（粒细胞生成中的主要细胞因子）的动力学和动力学，并演示了它如何调节中性粒细胞的产生。我们将扩展我们的模型以包括单核细胞和红细胞及其相关的细胞因子。对人类 HSC 生理学的最新见解将转化为 HSC 调节的数学模型，该模型区分长期、中期和短期 HSC，并包括对称和不对称细胞分裂。 我们的数学模型是机械的，每个变量、系数和函数代表特定的细胞类型或过程。它们通常被描述为延迟微分方程组，其中由于完成细胞周期的时间或由于成熟时间而出现延迟。 由于造血功能通常受到良好的调节，为了深入了解其控制机制，有必要考虑非稳态时的系统。来自各种来源的数据，包括对健康受试者或接受化疗或自体外周血干细胞移植的患者施用合成形式的细胞因子，将用于指导我们的建模并揭示控制造血的反馈回路的细节。