Pure and applied problems in metamorphic geology

变质地质学的纯粹问题和应用问题

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-02988
• 负责人: Pattison, David
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=755106
• 关键词: Pure; applied; problems; metamorphic; geology

Over half of Canada's land surface is underlain by metamorphic and igneous rocks, and by far the majority of Canada's mineral deposits occur in these areas. Understanding how metamorphic and igneous rocks form is thus of scientific and societal interest. My research program is concerned with the metamorphic half of the relationship, namely metamorphic petrology (= the scientific study of the make-up and genesis of metamorphic rocks). Metamorphic petrology is the primary probe of the burial, heating and exhumation of Earth's crust arising from plate tectonic interactions. When combined with structural, geochronological and thermochronological techniques, metamorphic petrology helps unravel the evolution of Earth's plate tectonic interactions through time, and informs the formation and modification of mineral deposits. Researchers in other fields of geoscience (structure, tectonics, ore deposits) rely on the estimates of pressure (depth) and temperature (P and T) that metamorphic petrologists provide from reading the metamorphic rock record. If inaccurate estimates are provided, it sets back advances in all these areas. The long-term objectives of my research program are thus two-fold: (1) to advance our understanding of metamorphic recrystallization, the aim being to enhance the reliability of our estimates of pressure (depth) and temperature of metamorphosed rocks; and (2) to apply this enhanced understanding in concert with allied techniques to provide insights into the evolution of Earth's orogenic (mountain) belts, especially the southern Canadian Cordillera. Each objective stimulates progress in the other. Proposed short-term objectives include: (1-1)Creating a database of natural mineral assemblages and mineral compositions from metamorphic settings of varying P and T from around the world, and using these to test and refine our thermodynamic modelling of these relationships; (1-2)Creating the first comprehensive mineral assemblage map of Barrow's Zones in Scotland, arguably the most famous and most studied metamorphic sequence on Earth; (1-3)Assessing how reliable are the depths of metamorphism that are inferred from phase equilibrium analysis of metamorphic rocks; (1-4)Analyzing the degree to which rock deformation catalyzes metamorphic recrystallization; and (2-1)Determining the evolution of the Valhalla complex, Shuswap domain, British Columbia, a "type example" of a core complex ( = an "uplift" of mid-deep crustal rocks bounded by faults, such found in extensional oceanic and continental settings around the world). From a training perspective, engagement in this research will educate the next generation of geoscientists, providing them with observational, analytical, computational, interpretational and communication skills that are highly valued in academia, government and industry. They will be in the vanguard of the future generation of adaptable, interdisciplinary geoscientists Canada needs.

加拿大一半以上的土地表面受到变质和火成岩的底层，到目前为止，加拿大大部分矿藏都出现在这些地区。因此，了解变质和火成岩形成如何具有科学和社会利益。我的研究计划与关系的变质一半有关，即变质岩石学（=变质岩石构成和起源的科学研究）。 变质岩石学是埋葬，加热和发掘地壳由板块构造相互作用引起的主要探针。当结合结构，年代学和热量合法技术结合使用时，变态岩石学有助于揭开地球板块构造相互作用的演变，并告知矿物质沉积物的形成和修饰。地球科学（结构，构造，矿石沉积物）的其他领域的研究人员依赖于变质岩石学家通过阅读变质岩石记录提供的压力（深度）和温度（P和T）的估计值。如果提供了不准确的估计，它将在所有这些领域中取得进步。 因此，我的研究计划的长期目标是两个方面：（1）提高我们对变质重结晶的理解，目的是提高我们对压力（深度）和变质岩石温度的可靠性； （2）在与盟军技术协同时采用这种增强的理解，以洞悉地球造山学（山地）皮带的演变，尤其是加拿大南部的山脉。 每个目标都刺激了彼此的进步。 提出的短期目标包括：（1-1）创建一个自然矿物组合和矿物组成的数据库，这些数据库来自来自世界各地的P＆T的变质环境，并使用它们来测试和完善我们对这些关系的热力学建模； （1-2）创建了苏格兰巴罗地区的第一个全面的矿物组合地图，这可以说是地球上最著名，最受研究的变质序列； （1-3）评估从变质岩的相平衡分析推断的变质的深度有多可靠； （1-4）分析岩石变形催化变质重结晶的程度； （2-1）确定不列颠哥伦比亚省瓦尔哈拉综合体，舒斯瓦普域的演变，这是一个核心复合物的“类型示例”（=一个被断层界定的中深层地壳岩石的“抬高”，在世界各地的巨大海洋和大陆环境中发现）。 从培训的角度来看，参与这项研究将教育下一代的地球科学家，为他们提供观察，分析，计算，解释性和沟通技巧，这些技能在学术界，政府和行业中高度重视。他们将处于加拿大适应性的，跨学科的地球科学家所需的未来一代的先知。