Ultrafast streak camera system for mapping atomic motions with ultrabright electrons

超快条纹相机系统，用于用超亮电子绘制原子运动图

• 批准号: RTI-2022-00512
• 负责人: Miller, RJDwayne
• 金额: $ 10.93万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743078
• 关键词: Ultrafast; streak; camera; system; mapping

The PI's group has achieved the fundamental space-time limit to imaging chemistry and has unearthed the basic physics that leads to the reduction in dimensionality in the transition state region that makes chemistry a transferable concept. This long held dream experiment in chemistry was achieved through the development of ultrabright electron sources capable of literally lighting up atomic motions in real time. This ultrabright electron source depends on the use of photo injection using femtosecond lasers for both triggering the chemistry of interest and in generating perfectly timed femtosecond electron probe pulses. The requested rf components and laser system for the ultrafast streak camera will make it possible to employ a single long electron pulse (a few picoseconds) to encode the entire time-varying structural information after photoexcitation in a single shot, i.e., single shot full molecular movies. The time resolution will be in the 10 fs domain, which is sufficient and along with the dramatic increase in signal to noise ratio will make it possible to directly observe the effect of changes in electron distribution with excitation faster than nuclear motions. This observation provides the electron density gradients or forces responsible for collapsing the enormous number of possible nuclear permutations and fluctuations to just a few key reaction modes. We have the opportunity to separate the electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom to come to a full understanding of the mechanism leading to the enormous reduction in dimensionality responsible for the generalized properties for the different classes of reaction mechanisms. The requested instrumentation holds the promise to reveal the physics that has enabled chemistry to scale in complexity all the way to biological systems and makes chemistry a transferrable concept. The requested instrumentation is essential to enter this new domain in space-time resolution, and equally important to achieve sensitivity, for observing the very essence of chemistry. It should be noted that the PI has transitioned back to the University of Toronto in 2020 after successfully co-founding a new Max Planck Institute in Hamburg Germany and the Centre for Ultrafast Imaging for the University of Hamburg. His secondment to the Max Planck from 2010 to 2020 was part of a research partnership based on the above research program. It was not possible to move the needed laser equipment in the labs the PI developed in Hamburg due to Max Planck policies on retaining equipment for internal use. Without the requested equipment, there is no prospect for advancing the PI's program to realize this grand objective to directly imaging the fundamental driving forces for chemistry.

PI的小组已达到了成像化学成像的基本时空限制，并发掘了基本物理学，从而导致过渡状态区域的维度降低，从而使化学概念成为可转移的概念。通过开发能够实时点亮原子运动的Ultrabright电子源来实现这一长期以来的化学梦想实验。这种超操电源取决于使用飞秒激光器使用光注射的使用来触发感兴趣的化学性质并产生完美定时的飞秒电子探针脉冲。超快条纹摄像头的请求的RF组件和激光系统将有可能使用单个长电子脉冲（几次Picseconds）在单镜头中进行光启示后的整个随时间变化的结构信息，即单张照片，即单张镜头全部分子电影。时间分辨率将在10个FS域中，这足够，并且信号与噪声比的急剧增加将使您可以直接观察到电子分布变化的影响，而激发速度比核运动更快。该观察结果提供了电子密度梯度或负责崩溃数量的核排列数量和波动仅几种关键反应模式的力量。我们有机会将电子和核自由度分开，以充分理解导致不同类别反应机制的普遍特性的尺寸大大降低的机制。请求的仪器有望揭示使化学能够一路扩展到生物系统的物理学，并使化学成为可转让的概念。所请求的仪器对于在时空分辨率中输入这个新领域至关重要，并且对于观察化学本质的灵敏度同样重要。应当指出的是，PI在成功共同创立了位于汉堡德国的新的Max Planck Institute和汉堡大学的Ultrafast Imaging中心后，于2020年转移回了多伦多大学。从2010年到2020年，他对Max Planck的借调是基于上述研究计划的研究合作伙伴关系的一部分。由于Max Planck政策保留了内部使用设备，因此无法在实验室中移动PI在汉堡开发的PI开发的激光设备。没有要求的设备，就没有前景来推进PI计划，可以实现这一宏伟的目标，可以直接对化学的基本驱动力进行成像。