Advancing Atmospheric Heterogeneous (Photo)chemistry and Microphysics in the age of Emerging Nanoparticles and Climate Change

在新兴纳米颗粒和气候变化时代推进大气异质（光）化学和微物理学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06865
• 负责人: Ariya, Parisa
• 金额: $ 4.66万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741468
• 关键词: Advancing; Atmospheric; Heterogeneous; Photo; chemistry

The lives of all human beings are dependent on clean air. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that 9 out of 10 humans inhale polluted air, which is responsible for 1 out of 9 deaths globally. Air pollution is linked to ~ 9 million premature deaths. Cities are hot spots for air pollution. Urban atmospheric emissions contribute ~50% to 80% of total global greenhouse gas emissions as well as airborne particles or aerosols, including small nanoparticles, and those consisting of manufactured emerging contaminants. Since air is the fastest moving fluid in the Earth's ecosystem, air pollutants (such as nanoparticles) can be transported to remote regions, such as Arctic. This exciting program goals is to address major uncertainties identified by both the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the WHO: aerosols, with a focus on smaller nanoparticles, physicochemical processes.  The proposed R&D program is building upon the team's recent world-class discoveries, proposing innovative research, which will establish a new niche for Canada in the domain of airborne nanoparticles and emerging contaminants. It is well-aligned with the government of Canada's strategic development plan, including environment, Arctic, urban development, and sustainable technology. The overarching goal of this research program is to better understand the sources and processes controlling the budget of airborne aerosols and emerging nano-contaminants by developing an innovative approach that will integrate physical and analytical chemistry, with modelling and development of technology, in collaboration with network of partners, to create a decision tool that we foresee can  be incorporated into Canadian air quality models, which are currently used for policy making purposes. It will lead to more effective planning of environmental management measures specifically targeted against air pollution.  The specific R&D themes include: (a) advancing the boundaries of understanding of the physicochemical processes involving airborne nanoparticles, focusing on emerging nano-contaminants, and (b) opening a new era of sustainable technology for atmospheric observation and air pollution remediation. Our objectives will be addressed using a complementary observational, experimental and modelling as well as technology development approach.  This team has the savoir-faire, world-class expertise, cutting edge facilities, to address these important objectives effectively.  We believe that this program is of medium risk and of very high impact potential. This program will conduce a formidable and stimulating multidisciplinary environment to ensure access to state-of-the-art facilities and world-class training of 18 bright HQP per year. These young scientists will obtain their career of their choice to make significant contributions to the Canadian society. They will become future leaders in academia, governmental, industrial, and NGOs, all former ream alumni achieved.

所有人的生命都依赖于清洁的空气。世界卫生组织 (WHO) 估计，每 10 个人中就有 9 人吸入受污染的空气，全球约 900 万人因空气污染而死亡。城市是空气污染的热点地区。城市大气排放量占全球温室气体排放总量的 50% 至 80%，空气中的颗粒物或气溶胶（包括小型纳米颗粒和新兴制造的颗粒物）排放量也占到了 50% 至 80%。由于空气是地球生态系统中移动最快的流体，因此空气污染物（例如纳米颗粒）可以被输送到北极等偏远地区，这一令人兴奋的计划目标是解决政府间气候变化专门委员会确定的主要不确定性。 （IPCC）和世界卫生组织：气溶胶，重点关注较小的纳米颗粒，物理化学过程。拟议的研发计划以该团队最近的世界级发现为基础，提出了创新研究。将为加拿大在空气纳米粒子和新兴污染物领域建立一个新的利基，这与加拿大政府的战略发展计划（包括环境、北极、城市发展和可持续技术）是一致的。是通过开发一种创新方法，更好地了解控制空气中气溶胶和新兴纳米污染物预算的来源和过程，该方法将物理和分析化学与技术建模和开发相结合，与合作伙伴网络合作，创建我们预计可以将其纳入加拿大空气质量模型中，该模型目前用于政策制定，这将有助于更有效地规划专门针对空气污染的环境管理措施。具体的研发主题包括：(a)推进对空气中纳米粒子的物理化学过程的理解，重点关注新兴的纳米污染物，以及（b）为大气观测和空气污染修复开辟可持续技术的新时代。我们的目标将通过补充来实现。该团队拥有精湛的观察、实验和建模以及技术开发方法，拥有世界一流的专业知识和尖端设施，可以有效地实现这些目标，我们认为该计划具有中等风险和非常高的影响力。该计划将营造一个强大且令人兴奋的多学科环境，以确保每年 18 名杰出的 HQP 能够获得最先进的设施和世界一流的培训，从而为他们选择的职业做出重大贡献。给加拿大人他们将成为学术界、政府、工业界和非政府组织的未来领导者，所有前任校友都是如此。