Hybrid switch-mode power supplies with low energy storage requirements

能量存储要求低的混合开关模式电源

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2019-06784
负责人：
Prodic, Aleksandar
金额：
$ 3.35万
依托单位：
University of Toronto
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739106
关键词：
Hybrid switch mode power supplies

项目摘要

Switch mode power supplies (SMPS) are in virtually all devices toady, providing well-regulated voltage or current to electric loads from, usually, not well-regulated source. The loads range from medical implants and sensors, consuming a fraction of watt, to industrial systems taking hundreds of kilowatts. A typical SMPS consists of a switch-mode power converter (power stage) and a complementary controller. This research focuses on low-power (LP) high-frequency (HF) SMPS, processing power from a fraction of watt to few hundreds of watts and operating at frequencies from hundreds of kHZ to tens of MHz. The applications of interest include miniature devices, computers, consumer electronics, automotive, as well as, numerous other space and weight constrained systems. The research will provide solutions for conflicting requirements imposed on current LP SMPS, demanding their size reduction combined with increased power processing capability. In the targeted applications, SMPS, especially their passive components (inductors and capacitors), are a large contributor to the overall size and cost of the supplied systems. As such, they are a main obstacle to further miniaturization and to introduction of new features (functional blocks). The SMPS also have difficulties to, without paying a large penalty in the size and/or power processing efficiency, keep up with increasing power requirements of modern electronic loads, caused by increased data processing abilities and demands for faster charging of battery-powered devices. Recent transition from analog to digital control of LP HF SMPS have created an opportunity for introduction of hybrid converter topologies in LP applications. Those topologies, requiring more complex control than the traditional solutions, have proven to be both significantly smaller and more power efficient. Still, the passive, i.e. energy storing, components of these hybrid systems are of substantial size, leaving a lot of space for improvements. The ultimate goal of this research is to create new generations of hybrid SMPS, named low stored energy hybrid SMPS, that compared to the recently emerged solutions will have even smaller size and better power processing efficiency. The new solutions will potentially allow seamless integration of the SMPS with electronic loads (co-packaging or full on chip integration) minimizing the overall system size, its power consumption, while improving dynamic performance of the supplies. Also, the low stored energy hybrid SMPS will have novel features, such as inherent current limitation and plug and play operation, allowing for simple design of various modular architectures, for higher power processing applications. The research will build on the knowledge crated through previous NSERC grants and will be covering development of both new converter topologies and controllers. Also, optimization techniques providing time-efficient tools for comparing different solutions will be developed.

如今，开关模式电源 (SMPS) 几乎出现在所有设备中，通常通过不稳定的电源向电力负载提供稳定的电压或电流。负载范围从消耗几瓦的医疗植入物和传感器到消耗数百千瓦的工业系统。典型的 SMPS 由开关模式电源转换器（功率级）和互补控制器组成。这项研究的重点是低功耗 (LP) 高频 (HF) SMPS，其处理功率从几分之一瓦到几百瓦，工作频率从数百 kHz 到数十 MHz。感兴趣的应用包括微型设备、计算机、消费电子产品、汽车以及许多其他空间和重量受限的系统。该研究将为当前 LP SMPS 的相互冲突的要求提供解决方案，要求减小尺寸并提高功率处理能力。在目标应用中，SMPS，尤其是其无源元件（电感器和电容器），对所提供系统的整体尺寸和成本有很大影响。因此，它们是进一步小型化和引入新功能（功能块）的主要障碍。 SMPS 还很难在不付出尺寸和/或功率处理效率方面的巨大代价的情况下满足现代电子负载不断增长的功率需求，这是由于数据处理能力的增强和电池供电设备更快充电的需求而引起的。最近，LP HF SMPS 从模拟控制过渡到数字控制，为在 LP 应用中引入混合转换器拓扑创造了机会。这些拓扑需要比传统解决方案更复杂的控制，事实证明它们的尺寸要小得多，而且能效更高。尽管如此，这些混合动力系统的无源组件（即能量存储组件）的尺寸仍然很大，留有很大的改进空间。这项研究的最终目标是创建新一代混合SMPS，称为低储能混合SMPS，与最近出现的解决方案相比，它将具有更小的尺寸和更好的功率处理效率。新的解决方案将有可能实现 SMPS 与电子负载的无缝集成（共同封装或全片上集成），从而最大限度地减少整体系统尺寸和功耗，同时提高电源的动态性能。此外，低存储能量混合 SMPS 将具有新颖的功能，例如固有电流限制和即插即用操作，允许简单设计各种模块化架构，以实现更高功率处理应用。该研究将建立在之前 NSERC 资助所积累的知识的基础上，并将涵盖新转换器拓扑和控制器的开发。此外，还将开发优化技术，提供用于比较不同解决方案的省时工具。