Landslide triggering, mobility, and monitoring in a changing climate

气候变化中的山体滑坡触发、移动性和监测

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04077
• 负责人: Take, William
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739654
• 关键词: Landslide; triggering; mobility; monitoring; changing

Research conducted to assess Canada's vulnerability to continued climate changes indicates that: a) all of Canada is projected to get warmer in the future, even under a low-carbon scenario, b) Canada's Artic will warm much faster than Canada's South, and c) Southern Canada is projected to get much wetter throughout the spring, fall, and winter months, but much drier in the summer. These changes in temperature and moisture have the potential for profound impacts on the stability of the soil slopes supporting highways, railways, containing pipelines, or forming the dams that retain the waste from Canada's mining industry. Research is urgently needed to define the role of climate in the mechanics of triggering of instability, impact of climate on the mobility of the debris, and to develop innovative new monitoring tools to observe and manage the effect of climate on the geotechnical components of our infrastructure. Complementary projects of the next five years will  a) Define the fundamental physics working together to lead to the triggering of liquefaction in the failure of tailings dams, during rainfall-induced landslides, and within submarine landslide flow failures b) Explore the micromechanics defining the shear properties of dry and saturated granular flows, widely-graded debris flows, and liquefied soil to define how climatic factors such as water availability influences the velocity and maximum distal reach of the debris. c) Develop and apply cutting-edge image analysis and distributed fiber optic strain measurement technologies to analyse seasonal degradation of railway track geometry and accumulation of axial and flexural strains in pipelines in response to climate-driven landslide motion to define safer and more cost effective mitigation measures. The work will introduce new methods of analysis, experimental techniques, and data to validate numerical modelling outcomes, and will influence or define Canadian & international scholarship and design practices for these problems. Canada's large and successful engineering service consulting industry is made possible by access to highly qualified personnel with qualifications at the MSc level or higher. This proposal aims to train a total of 17 HQP (3 PhD, 9 Research MSc, 5 UG) to become Canada's future leaders in understanding and mitigating the effects of climate change on the geotechnical engineering components of our Civil Engineering infrastructure. The four undergraduate HQP listed in the proposal are a continuation of a highly successful and proven strategy to recruit outstanding candidates from under-represented groups into graduate studies in Civil Engineering at Queen's University.

为评估加拿大对持续气候变化的脆弱性而进行的研究表明：a）即使在低碳情景下，预计未来加拿大全境都会变暖，b）加拿大北极的变暖速度将比加拿大南部快得多，以及c）预计加拿大南部整个春季、秋季和冬季将变得更加湿润，但夏季将变得更加干燥。这些温度和湿度的变化可能会对支撑公路、铁路和土壤的土壤斜坡的稳定性产生深远影响。管道，或迫切需要研究确定气候在引发不稳定的机制中的作用、气候对碎片流动性的影响，并开发创新的监测工具来观察和监测。管理气候对我们基础设施岩土工程组成部分的影响，未来五年的补充项目将 a) 定义共同作用的基础物理，以在尾矿坝溃决期间触发液化。 b) 探索定义干燥和饱和颗粒流、大级配泥石流和液化土剪切特性的微观力学，以定义水可用性等气候因素如何影响速度和最大值c) 开发并应用尖端图像分析和分布式光纤应变测量技术来分析铁路轨道几何形状的季节性退化以及管道中轴向和弯曲应变的累积。应对气候驱动的滑坡运动，以确定更安全、更具成本效益的缓解措施。这项工作将引入新的分析方法、实验技术和数据来验证数值模拟结果，并将影响或定义加拿大和国际的学术和设计实践。加拿大庞大而成功的工程服务咨询行业之所以能够解决这些问题，是因为拥有硕士或更高级别的高素质人才。该提案旨在培训总共 17 名高级人才（3 名博士、9 名研究型硕士、5 名本科生）。成为加拿大在理解和减轻气候变化对土木工程基础设施岩土工程影响方面的未来领导者，提案中列出的四名本科 HQP 是从代表性不足的群体中招募优秀候选人的非常成功且行之有效的战略的延续。进入女王大学土木工程研究生学习。