Impact of climate and climate change on the soil slopes of Canada's natural and built environment

气候和气候变化对加拿大自然和建筑环境土坡的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04245
• 负责人: Take, William
• 金额: $ 3.42万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=689495
• 关键词: Impact; climate; change; soil; slopes

Canada's coastal regions, lake shores, and river valleys have evolved with time to form the landscapes on which Canada has built its towns and cities. We have also created our own soil slopes to form our transportation networks, to provide flood protection, to manage our water resources, and to protect our environment from the waste products of our resource industries. Climate change poses a significant risk to these vital components of our natural and built environment.******Climate change is expected to increase both the total amount of precipitation and the frequency and severity of extreme rainfall events in Canada. With a strong relationship between weather events and slope instability, climate change has the potential to have drastic effects on the soil slopes of our natural and built environment. Significant questions remain including:*******a) Will higher rainfall intensity make landslides more dangerous in addition to more frequent? How can we best quantify this effect in our models of soil behaviour and landslide triggering?****b) If a landslide is triggered, how does climate influence how far the debris travels? How can we take account for this factor in our predictive tools for landslide travel distance?****c) What are the best monitoring tools for observing the warning signs of future slope instability?****Answers to these questions will be sought through highly instrumented landslide experiments conducted with complete control over the climatic influence to reveal the complex physics controlling the triggering and subsequent flow behaviour of these hazards and field trials of technologies for possible use in landslide early warning systems.*The objective of this research program is therefore to produce the knowledge, highly qualified graduates, and practical tools that will help answer these questions and better manage the risk posed by climate change on the soil slopes of Canada's natural and built environment. Through this research program, 11 HQP (4 at the PhD level, 7 at the MSc level) will be trained in the technical knowledge and professional skills-sets in high demand by Canada's strong engineering services industry.***

加拿大的沿海地区，湖岸和河谷随着时间的流逝而发展，以形成加拿大建造其城镇的景观。我们还创建了自己的土壤坡度，以形成我们的运输网络，提供防洪，管理水资源，并保护环境免受资源行业的废物侵害。气候变化对我们自然和建造环境的这些重要组成部分构成了重大风险。******气候变化有望增加加拿大降水量和极端降雨事件的频率和严重性。由于天气事件与斜坡不稳定性之间存在牢固的关系，气候变化有可能对我们自然和建筑环境的土壤坡度产生巨大影响。仍然存在重大问题，包括：******* a）较高的降雨强度是否会使山体滑坡除了更频繁之外更危险吗？我们如何在土壤行为和滑坡触发模型中最好地量化这种效果？**** b）如果触发了滑坡，气候如何影响碎片的行驶程度？我们如何在我们的预测性工具中为滑坡旅行距离考虑这个因素吗？因此，该研究计划的目的是产生知识，高素质的毕业生和实用工具，这些工具将有助于回答这些问题，并更好地管理加拿大自然和建筑环境的土壤坡度上的气候变化带来的风险。通过该研究计划，将对加拿大强大的工程服务行业高需求的技术知识和专业技能培训，为11个HQP（在博士学位上有4个，MSC级别7）。***