Advanced Solar Domestic Water Heating Systems

先进的太阳能生活热水系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04065
• 负责人: Collins, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737380
• 关键词: Advanced; Solar; Domestic; Water; Heating

The environmental impact and availability of standard energy sources has become increasingly important. While developing new energy sources is necessary, so too are efforts towards smarter energy use and energy conservation. Buildings are a primary focus for energy efficiency, with the most ambitious efforts aimed at net-positive energy targets. Water heating represents 18% of total energy consumption in Canadian residences, so efficient water heating strategies are critical to meeting these targets. Solar Domestic Water Heating (SDHW) systems have proven to be a cost effective and reliable method of reducing energy consumption in residential buildings. These systems, however, present challenges. They require a back-up heat source to provide additional thermal energy during periods of insufficient solar input. Using a heat pump is the most effective way to address this, and it also improves solar collection efficiency and increases system run-time. The synergistic combination of heat pump and SDHW technologies is called a Solar Assisted Heat Pump (SAHP). SDHW systems are also poorly suited to situations where there is a mismatch between the building energy demand and the available roof space (e.g. multi-unit residential buildings). Using Drain Water Heat Recover (DWHR) and Photovoltaic/Solar Thermal Hybrid collectors (PV/T) would help address this issue. The DWHR system will increase the incoming mains water temperature, while the PV/T panels will simultaneously supply energy to the heat pump and SDHW system. The combination of SDHW, heat pumps, DWHR, and PV/T systems has the potential to allow the use of a SDHW system as the sole water heating source in a building. It would make SDHW a more viable option in colder climates, and in particular, in Canada's North. Using this combination of devices would also reduce the capital and operating costs of the system. To get to that point, however, the systems need further development. The objective of the research is to develop several SAHP technologies, and to examine the potential of incorporating DWHR and PV/T technologies to increase system performance metrics. Over the next five years, the proposed research program will address several objectives: the analytical and experimental exploration of novel SAHP system configurations, the development of accurate system models and control strategies, the assessment of SAHP integration with other novel energy efficient technologies, and the assessment of these systems in a real-world setting. The overarching goal is to advance the development of robust, reliable, and economically and commercially viable SDHW systems, to develop design tools that will allow builders and homeowners to make informed choices about the technology, and to train personnel in fields related to solar energy and building sciences. Ultimately, this will benefit Canada by making it a world leader in advanced SDHW systems, and by helping reduce the energy demands of buildings.

标准能源的环境影响和可用性变得越来越重要。开发新能源固然必要，但智慧能源利用和节能也同样必要。建筑物是能源效率的主要关注点，最雄心勃勃的努力旨在实现净正能源目标。水加热占加拿大住宅总能源消耗的 18%，因此高效的水加热策略对于实现这些目标至关重要。 太阳能生活热水 (SDHW) 系统已被证明是一种降低住宅建筑能耗的经济有效且可靠的方法。然而，这些系统也带来了挑战。它们需要备用热源，以便在太阳能输入不足期间提供额外的热能。使用热泵是解决这个问题的最有效方法，它还可以提高太阳能收集效率并增加系统运行时间。热泵和 SDHW 技术的协同组合称为太阳能辅助热泵 (SAHP)。 SDHW 系统也不太适合建筑能源需求与可用屋顶空间不匹配的情况（例如多单元住宅建筑）。使用排水热回收（DWHR）和光伏/太阳能热混合集热器（PV/T）将有助于解决这个问题。 DWHR 系统将提高进水温度，而 PV/T 面板将同时为热泵和 SDHW 系统提供能量。 SDHW、热泵、DWHR 和 PV/T 系统的组合有可能允许使用 SDHW 系统作为建筑物中唯一的水加热源。这将使 SDHW 在寒冷气候下成为更可行的选择，特别是在加拿大北部。使用这种设备组合还可以降低系统的资本和运营成本。然而，要达到这一点，系统需要进一步开发。该研究的目的是开发几种 SAHP 技术，并研究结合 DWHR 和 PV/T 技术来提高系统性能指标的潜力。在未来五年内，拟议的研究计划将实现几个目标：新型 SAHP 系统配置的分析和实验探索、精确系统模型和控制策略的开发、SAHP 与其他新型节能技术集成的评估以及在现实环境中评估这些系统。总体目标是推进稳健、可靠、经济和商业上可行的 SDHW 系统的开发，开发设计工具，使建筑商和房主能够对技术做出明智的选择，并培训太阳能和相关领域的人员。建筑科学。最终，这将使加拿大受益，使其成为先进 SDHW 系统的世界领先者，并帮助减少建筑物的能源需求。