Advanced Solar Domestic Water Heating Systems

先进的太阳能生活热水系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04065
• 负责人: Collins, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714125
• 关键词: Advanced; Solar; Domestic; Water; Heating

The environmental impact and availability of standard energy sources has become increasingly important. While developing new energy sources is necessary, so too are efforts towards smarter energy use and energy conservation. Buildings are a primary focus for energy efficiency, with the most ambitious efforts aimed at net-positive energy targets. Water heating represents 18% of total energy consumption in Canadian residences, so efficient water heating strategies are critical to meeting these targets. Solar Domestic Water Heating (SDHW) systems have proven to be a cost effective and reliable method of reducing energy consumption in residential buildings. These systems, however, present challenges. They require a back-up heat source to provide additional thermal energy during periods of insufficient solar input. Using a heat pump is the most effective way to address this, and it also improves solar collection efficiency and increases system run-time. The synergistic combination of heat pump and SDHW technologies is called a Solar Assisted Heat Pump (SAHP). SDHW systems are also poorly suited to situations where there is a mismatch between the building energy demand and the available roof space (e.g. multi-unit residential buildings). Using Drain Water Heat Recover (DWHR) and Photovoltaic/Solar Thermal Hybrid collectors (PV/T) would help address this issue. The DWHR system will increase the incoming mains water temperature, while the PV/T panels will simultaneously supply energy to the heat pump and SDHW system. The combination of SDHW, heat pumps, DWHR, and PV/T systems has the potential to allow the use of a SDHW system as the sole water heating source in a building. It would make SDHW a more viable option in colder climates, and in particular, in Canada's North. Using this combination of devices would also reduce the capital and operating costs of the system. To get to that point, however, the systems need further development. The objective of the research is to develop several SAHP technologies, and to examine the potential of incorporating DWHR and PV/T technologies to increase system performance metrics. Over the next five years, the proposed research program will address several objectives: the analytical and experimental exploration of novel SAHP system configurations, the development of accurate system models and control strategies, the assessment of SAHP integration with other novel energy efficient technologies, and the assessment of these systems in a real-world setting. The overarching goal is to advance the development of robust, reliable, and economically and commercially viable SDHW systems, to develop design tools that will allow builders and homeowners to make informed choices about the technology, and to train personnel in fields related to solar energy and building sciences. Ultimately, this will benefit Canada by making it a world leader in advanced SDHW systems, and by helping reduce the energy demands of buildings.

标准能源的环境影响和可用性变得越来越重要。在开发新的能源的同时，为更智能的能源使用和节能的努力也是如此。建筑物是能源效率的主要重点，最雄心勃勃的努力旨在净阳性能源目标。加热水占加拿大住宅总能源消耗的18％，因此有效的水加热策略对于满足这些目标至关重要。 事实证明，太阳能国内水加热（SDHW）系统是一种成本效益和可靠的方法，可减少住宅建筑的能源消耗。但是，这些系统提出了挑战。他们需要备用热源以在太阳能输入不足的时间内提供额外的热能。使用热泵是解决此问题的最有效方法，它还提高了太阳能收集效率并增加了系统运行时。热泵和SDHW技术的协同组合称为太阳能辅助热泵（SAHP）。 SDHW系统也很不适合在建筑能源需求与可用屋顶空间（例如多单元住宅建筑物）之间存在不匹配的情况。使用排水热恢复（DWHR）和光伏/太阳能热杂种收集器（PV/T）将有助于解决此问题。 DWHR系统将增加传入的电源水温，而PV/T面板将同时向热泵和SDHW系统提供能量。 SDHW，热泵，DWHR和PV/T系统的组合有可能将SDHW系统用作建筑物中的唯一水加热源。这将使SDHW成为更冷的气候，尤其是在加拿大北部的更可行的选择。使用这种设备的组合也将降低系统的资本和运营成本。但是，要达到这一点，系统需要进一步开发。 该研究的目的是开发多种SAHP技术，并研究合并DWHR和PV/T技术以增加系统性能指标的潜力。在接下来的五年中，拟议的研究计划将解决几个目标：新型SAHP系统配置的分析和实验探索，准确的系统模型的开发和控制策略，评估SAHP与其他新型能源有效技术的整合以及在现实环境中评估这些系统。总体目标是促进健壮，可靠，经济和商业上可行的SDHW系统的发展，以开发设计工具，使建筑商和房主能够对技术做出明智的选择，并在与太阳能和太阳能和太阳能和实地的人员中培训人员建筑科学。最终，这将通过使其成为高级SDHW系统的世界领导者，并帮助减少建筑物的能源需求，从而使加拿大受益。