Understanding the Fundamentals of Combustion-Generated Soot Nanoparticle Formation and Restructuring

了解燃烧产生的烟灰纳米颗粒形成和重组的基本原理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04893
• 负责人: Eaves, Nickolas
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715181
• 关键词: Understanding; Fundamentals; Combustion; Generated; Soot

The world faces threats on multiple fronts. Climate change has increased the number of damaging extreme climate events, such as the 2016 Fort McMurray wildfire, in the past decade with projections indicating this trend will worsen. At the same time, ambient particulate matter caused 4.2 million deaths in 2015, with an increasing trend. The world faces grand challenges in mitigating the negative effects of climate change and particulate matter. Soot (black carbon) nanoparticles are the second largest contributor to climate change and major contributor to particulate matter. It is imperative for the health of our planet and species that these negative effects from soot nanoparticle emissions be mitigated. However, the move towards mitigating the negative effects of soot is severely hindered. Overall, increases in aviation, lack of predictive models, and the unclear link between emitted and atmospheric properties all pose risks to mitigation. The long-term research program vision is to develop models to link together the fundamental, practical device and atmospheric aspects of soot to inform effective mitigation strategies. These models will help regulators understand what properties emitted particles must have to achieve a given atmospheric state (and hence lesser climate/health impact) and feasibility of achieving these emitted particle properties. The short term objectives of the program enable strategic progress towards this vision and include both low-risk and high-risk aspects. The long-term research program will provide policy makers the knowledge they need to create regulations that can mitigate the damaging climate change and human health effects of soot with maximum results. The program will also provide industry with the computational tools and HQP they need to meet these new regulations in a cost-efficient manner. The program is highly innovative and risk-taking in its aim to link together soot emissions and atmospheric transformations, yet it combines more traditional soot formation research as well. Fundamental understanding of the soot formation and atmospheric transformation process will be discovered, leading to training of HQP needed to tackle these issues. The short term objectives aim to create the first quantitative models for soot composition and coating-induced restructuring, making timely steps towards the long term research vision.

世界面临多个方面的威胁。在过去的十年中，气候变化增加了破坏性的极端气候事件的数量，例如2016年麦克默里野火，表明这种趋势会恶化。同时，环境颗粒物在2015年造成420万人死亡，趋势越来越大。世界在减轻气候变化和颗粒物的负面影响方面面临巨大的挑战。 烟灰（黑碳）纳米颗粒是导致气候变化的第二大贡献者，也是颗粒物质的主要贡献者。对于我们的行星和物种的健康，必须减轻这些负面影响。但是，朝着缓解烟灰的负面影响的转变受到严重阻碍。总体而言，航空的增加，缺乏预测模型以及发射和大气特性之间的不清楚的联系都构成了缓解风险。 长期研究计划的愿景是开发模型，以将烟灰的基本，实用装置和大气方面联系起来，以告知有效的缓解策略。这些模型将有助于监管机构了解要达到给定的大气状态（因此气候/健康影响较小）以及实现这些发射粒子特性的可行性所必须必须发出的粒子。该计划的短期目标使战略进步朝着这一愿景迈进，并包括低风险和高风险方面。 长期研究计划将为制定者提供创建法规所需的知识，以减轻烟灰的气候变化和人类健康影响，并最大程度地效果。该计划还将为行业提供以经济高效的方式符合这些新法规所需的计算工具和HQP。该计划的目的是将烟灰排放和大气转变联系起来，其目的是高度创新和冒险的，但它也结合了更传统的烟灰组形成研究。将发现对烟灰形成和大气转化过程的基本理解，从而导致需要解决这些问题所需的HQP培训。短期目标旨在为烟灰组成和涂层诱导的重组创建第一个定量模型，从而及时朝着长期的研究愿景迈进。