The next step: Capitalizing on long-term experimental manipulations to understand and predict arctic terrestrial ecosystem responses to climate warming

下一步：利用长期实验操作来了解和预测北极陆地生态系统对气候变暖的反应

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05276
• 负责人: Grogan, Paul
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=713566
• 关键词: next; step; Capitalizing; long; term

The Arctic is undoubtedly experiencing rapid recent warming that is very likely to substantially affect the structure and functioning of its ecosystems. As a terrestrial ecosystem ecologist and biogeochemist, the long-term goal of my research over the next 15 years is to substantially advance our biological understanding of how Canadian arctic tundra ecosystems function, and therefore how they may be affected by climate change. This next 5 year research period is the time for me to fully investigate the mechanisms and implications of our recent discoveries, so as to significantly improve our understanding of the biological controls and interactions that govern arctic terrestrial ecosystem functioning. My proposal describes multiple specific hypotheses that are centered on the following three major interconnecting objectives which have arisen from my previous research: 1. To determine the biogeochemical and ecological significance of our discovery that mesic tundra plant growth can be co-limited by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). 2. To predict the likely impacts of not just climate change, but also declining caribou and other mammalian herbivory, on tundra deciduous and evergreen shrub abundances. 3. To evaluate the biogeochemical significance of the stoichiometric differences among plants, soils, and soil microbes in understanding tundra ecosystem responses to climate change. My lab group will test innovative research hypotheses using the experimental infrastructure that I initiated at our Daring Lake research site in central low arctic Canada in 2004. These fully replicated (n = 5-10) experimental manipulations include both high and low-level factorial NxP annual additions, summer plastic greenhouses, snowfences, and caribou exclosures. In addition, I have a long-term observational study of vegetation change across the full range of habitat-types in the Daring Lake landscape, a second experimental fertilization research site in Northern Quebec, ongoing active research collaborations at Toolik, Alaska and Abisko, Sweden, and I am leading several pan-Arctic investigations based on colleagues' leaf and soil samples from 52 high latitude tundra sites. Undertaking these investigations will provide cutting-edge HQP training in emerging concepts such as ecological stoichiometry and herbivore-plant-soil nutrient interactions, and in the development and use of novel/recent techniques such as ion exchange membrane for measuring plant available nutrients in tundra, phosphate P 18Op and 15N isotope use for determining P fluxes and N fixation respectively, and soil enzymology. Ultimately, I hope that this research will lead to adaptive land management in the North, as well as greater public appreciation of the ecological value of the Arctic, and therefore serve as a wake-up call' to more effective and sustainable environmental policies and practices for Canada as a whole.

北极无疑正在经历最近的快速变暖，这很可能会大大影响其生态系统的结构和功能。作为陆地生态系统生态学家和生物地球化学家，我在未来15年内研究的长期目标是实质上提高我们对加拿大北极苔原生态系统如何功能的生物学理解，从而如何受到气候变化的影响。 接下来的5年研究期是我完全研究我们最近发现的机制和含义的时候，以显着提高我们对控制北极陆地生态系统功能的生物控制和相互作用的理解。 我的建议描述了以下三个主要的互连目标，这些假设以我先前的研究产生的三个主要互连目标为中心： 1。为了确定我们发现的生物地球化学和生态学意义，即可以通过氮（N）和磷（P）共限制介质苔原植物生长。 2。为了预测气候变化的可能影响，还会对驯鹿和其他哺乳动物草食作用，对苔原落叶和常绿的灌木丰度下降。 3。评估植物，土壤和土壤微生物之间化学计量差异的生物地球化学意义，以理解苔原生态系统对气候变化的反应。 我的实验室小组将使用我在2004年在加拿大中部低位北极北极北极北极研究站点发起的实验基础结构来检验创新的研究假设。这些完全复制（N = 5-10）实验操作包括高和低级阶乘NXP NXP年度添加剂，夏季塑料绿色组织，雪花，雪花和货物库。 In addition, I have a long-term observational study of vegetation change across the full range of habitat-types in the Daring Lake landscape, a second experimental fertilization research site in Northern Quebec, ongoing active research collaborations at Toolik, Alaska and Abisko, Sweden, and I am leading several pan-Arctic investigations based on colleagues' leaf and soil samples from 52 high latitude tundra sites. Undertaking these investigations will provide cutting-edge HQP training in emerging concepts such as ecological stoichiometry and herbivore-plant-soil nutrient interactions, and in the development and use of novel/recent techniques such as ion exchange membrane for measuring plant available nutrients in tundra, phosphate P 18Op and 15N isotope use for determining P fluxes and N fixation respectively, and soil enzymology. 最终，我希望这项研究将导致北部的自适应土地管理，并更加公众对北极的生态价值的了解，从而充当唤醒呼吁“对整个加拿大更有效，更可持续的环境政策和实践。