Atomic scale dynamics of correlated materials and emergent quantum states

相关材料和涌现量子态的原子尺度动力学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05470
• 负责人: Burgess, Jacob
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711657
• 关键词: Atomic; scale; dynamics; correlated; materials

Investigation of new phases of matter often reveals previously unknown physics; it also commonly leads to previously unimaginable technological breakthroughs. At present great attention is directed towards high-temperature superconductors, single atom thick sheets, and exotic magnetic materials. Each of these materials holds promise to revolutionize our world via energy and computer applications. Each also involves very complex networks of interacting atoms responsible for collective magnetic or electronic properties fundamentally different from the usual metals or magnets. The complexity, however, greatly holds back understanding and control of these new properties. This research program is designed to unravel the exact details of atomic interactions, seeking answers critical to realizing the technological potential of the materials as well as elucidating the underlying physics. In many senses the ultimate measurement is to make a movie of a material responding to an external stimulus. Not only does this simulate technological devices, but measuring the dynamic response of a material provides a much more stringent test of our understanding than static experiments. However, in these strongly interacting materials, the dynamics of interest happen on the time scale of a few quadrillionths of a second and also vary on the atomic scale. Creating ultrafast atomic movies is one of the grand challenges facing science. Recent advances in time-resolved scanning tunneling microscopes (TR-STMs) have revealed a path to these extraordinary experiments for electronic systems. This research program applies TR-STMs to the investigation of atomic-scale dynamics in materials with magnetic and electronic collective states. The nature of a scanning tunneling microscope allows direct imaging of electronic states. Adding pulsed laser techniques enables ultrafast movie making; measuring the response of each individual atom in a crystal to a stimulus. This capability significantly reduces measurement ambiguity, caused by very complex material structure or the presence of disorder, compared to techniques without atomic resolution. The focus of the program is on the study of dissipation in magnetically interacting materials. This includes how energy is lost and how coherence among a group of atoms acting collectively is destroyed. The results have important implications for high efficiency magnetic computing, and spin based quantum computing. A great deal more, beyond magnetism, can be studied in this program. This opens the door to collaborations within and outside Canada studying materials such as high temperature superconductors. Pursuing an atomic understanding of emergent quantum states will provide invaluable experience to a new generation of young Canadian scientists who will lead science and industry forward in the revolutionary applications of quantum materials.

对物质新相的研究常常揭示以前未知的物理学；它还通常会带来以前难以想象的技术突破。目前，高温超导体、单原子厚片和奇异磁性材料受到极大关注。这些材料中的每一种都有望通过能源和计算机应用彻底改变我们的世界。每一种还涉及非常复杂的相互作用原子网络，这些原子负责集体磁性或电子特性，与通常的金属或磁铁根本不同。然而，其复杂性极大地阻碍了对这些新特性的理解和控制。 该研究计划旨在揭开原子相互作用的确切细节，寻找对于实现材料的技术潜力以及阐明基础物理至关重要的答案。从许多意义上来说，最终的衡量标准是制作一部对外部刺激做出反应的材料的电影。这不仅可以模拟技术设备，而且测量材料的动态响应可以为我们的理解提供比静态实验更严格的测试。然而，在这些强相互作用的材料中，感兴趣的动力学发生在几万亿分之一秒的时间尺度上，并且在原子尺度上也发生变化。制作超快原子电影是科学面临的巨大挑战之一。 时间分辨扫描隧道显微镜 (TR-STM) 的最新进展揭示了实现这些非凡电子系统实验的途径。该研究项目应用 TR-STM 来研究具有磁性和电子集体态的材料的原子尺度动力学。扫描隧道显微镜的性质允许对电子态进行直接成像。添加脉冲激光技术可实现超快电影制作；测量晶体中每个原子对刺激的反应。与没有原子分辨率的技术相比，这种能力显着降低了由非常复杂的材料结构或无序存在引起的测量模糊性。 该计划的重点是研究磁性相互作用材料中的耗散。这包括能量如何损失以及一组集体行动的原子之间的相干性如何被破坏。该结果对于高效磁计算和基于自旋的量子计算具有重要意义。除了磁性之外，该程序还可以研究更多内容。这为加拿大国内外研究高温超导体等材料的合作打开了大门。追求对新兴量子态的原子理解将为新一代年轻的加拿大科学家提供宝贵的经验，他们将引领科学和工业在量子材料的革命性应用中向前发展。