Radio Frequency and Microwave Circuits for Wireless Power Applications

用于无线电源应用的射频和微波电路

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05364
• 负责人: Johnson, Thomas
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709668
• 关键词: Radio; Frequency; Microwave; Circuits; Wireless

The impact of wireless communications has been revolutionary. It is difficult to imagine a world without the mobility, convenience, and services that wireless access provides. Building on the enormous success of wireless communications, the emerging area of wireless power is likely to create another evolutionary step in terms of technology development. With wireless power, a device can autonomously recharge, and the days of needing to plug in to recharge will pass into another chapter of technological history. However, there are many challenges to realize ubiquitous wireless power technology, and the long term goals of this research program are to contribute to the advancement of wireless power technology. Similar to wireless communication links, a wireless power link consists of one or more power sources (transmitters), a gap or medium through which power is transferred, and a load circuit (receiver). Wireless power systems can be categorized into near field systems that are designed to efficiently transfer power for large loads over short distances on the order of centimetres, and far field wireless power systems are designed to transfer power over large distances of many metres to kilometres. One of the main challenges in near field wireless power systems is to develop methods to compensate for impedance mismatches that are created by spatial changes between the transmitter and receiver. Developing circuits and methods to compensate for spatial changes is a long term goal of this research program. Three short term research objectives are defined to investigate solutions to this problem. Objective 1 will investigate active matching methods that use multiple transmitters to control the amplitude and phase of the receive signal at the input of the rectifier. Active matching will be used to effect fine impedance control and compensate for small spatial variations. Objective 2 will investigate multi-band frequency tracking as a method of providing coarse impedance control in the wireless link. Together, active impedance matching and multi-band frequency control are expected to provide a robust method of compensating for a large range of spatial variation. Objective 3 will focus on the design of broadband amplifiers and rectifiers to support the implementation of methods developed in Objectives 1 and 2. The research program will also have a second theme focused on far field wireless power systems for low power embedded sensors. The research goals are to implement a wireless power subsystem in CMOS technology that can be used to either recharge a battery in a sensor or autonomously power the sensor. Research into the design of efficient synchronous rectifiers and DC load tracking circuits that are compatible with modulation schemes to harvest RF power will be investigated.

无线通信的影响是革命性的。很难想象一个没有无线接入所提供的移动性、便利性和服务的世界。建立在无线通信巨大成功的基础上，新兴的无线充电领域可能会在技术发展方面创造又一个革命性的进步。有了无线充电，设备就可以自主充电，需要插电充电的日子将进入科技史的新篇章。然而，实现无处不在的无线电力技术面临许多挑战，该研究计划的长期目标是为无线电力技术的进步做出贡献。 与无线通信链路类似，无线功率链路由一个或多个电源（发射器）、传输功率的间隙或介质以及负载电路（接收器）组成。无线电力系统可分为近场系统和远场无线电力系统，近场系统旨在在厘米级的短距离内有效地传输大型负载的电力，而远场无线电力系统则设计用于在数米至公里的长距离上传输电力。 近场无线电力系统的主要挑战之一是开发方法来补偿由发射器和接收器之间的空间变化引起的阻抗失配。开发补偿空间变化的电路和方法是该研究计划的长期目标。定义了三个短期研究目标来研究该问题的解决方案。目标 1 将研究使用多个发射器来控制整流器输入端接收信号的幅度和相位的主动匹配方法。有源匹配将用于实现精细的阻抗控制并补偿小的空间变化。目标 2 将研究多频段频率跟踪作为在无线链路中提供粗略阻抗控制的方法。有源阻抗匹配和多频段频率控制一起有望提供一种补偿大范围空间变化的稳健方法。目标 3 将重点关注宽带放大器和整流器的设计，以支持目标 1 和 2 中开发的方法的实施。 该研究计划还将有第二个主题，重点关注低功耗嵌入式传感器的远场无线电力系统。研究目标是采用 CMOS 技术实现无线电源子系统，该子系统可用于为传感器中的电池充电或自动为传感器供电。将研究与采集射频功率的调制方案兼容的高效同步整流器和直流负载跟踪电路的设计。