Multi-Material 3D Printer for Design and Manufacturing of Advanced Architected Multifunctional Materials

用于设计和制造先进建筑多功能材料的多材料 3D 打印机

• 批准号: RTI-2020-00756
• 负责人: AkbarzadehShafaroudi, Abdolhamid
• 金额: $ 10.92万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=693695
• 关键词: Multi; Material; 3D; Printer; Design

Next generation of advanced materials requires to be lightweight and multifunctional in order to reduce energy waste and to mitigate environmental impacts caused by mismanagement of energy produced by fossil fuels and renewable resources. Inspired by natural materials, which exhibit skeletal and/or hierarchical arrangements of their constituents, this research aims at applying an advanced manufacturing technique and design principles to create multiple classes of multifunctional materials. Enhancement of a specific material functionality is commonly accompanied by deterioration of another functionality, such as trade-off between energy dissipation/toughness and stiffness/strength, thermal/electrical insulation and strength, and lightweighting and flexural stiffness. The performance trade-offs limit the creation of advanced materials that possess multiple desirable functionalities and make unattainable domains in a material property space. Facilitated by 3D printing, the material microstructure can be engineered in “architected material approach” to push multiphysical material properties beyond the performance trade-offs. Learning from structural design elements identified amongst a variety of biological materials, cellular (in toucan beaks and trabecular bones), gradient (in tooth dental/enamel junction and squid beak), and layered (in Abalone nacre and sea sponge spicule) design principles will be used here in hierarchical length scales to develop architected multifunctional metamaterials out of monolithic hard and soft polymers. Integrating multiple design principles in hierarchical architected materials can not only break the performance trade-offs, but also potentially can produce novel advanced materials with multiple enhanced functionalities (e.g. thermomechanical, acoustics, permeability, and energy harvesting properties). However, aside from world-class computational and experimental facilities available at McGill to characterize these advanced materials, a precise 3D printing technology capable of simultaneous manufacturing of a wide range of materials (e.g. rigid to flexible and durable to high temperature) is essential. To realize the state-of-the-art architected multifunctional materials, with rationally-designed hierarchical microarchitectures, a cutting-edge PolyJet multi-material 3D printer will be acquired through NSERC RTI grant. The requested additive manufacturing technology enables training a multitude of HQPs in the field of architected materials and allows conducting a comprehensive multidisciplinary study on the relationship between material micro/mesoarchitecture and the multifunctional performance of advanced materials. The findings of this research will be used to create innovative multifunctional systems with tunable properties for applications in intelligent structures, soft robotics, thermal management, acoustics, and removal of contaminants from water and air in order to benefit both Canada's economy and environment.

下一代先进材料需要轻质和多功能，以减少能源浪费并减轻因化石燃料和可再生资源产生的能源管理不善而造成的环境影响，其灵感来自天然材料，其表现出骨架和/或分层排列。这项研究旨在应用先进的制造技术和设计原理来创建多种类型的多功能材料，特定材料功能的增强通常会伴随着另一种功能的恶化，例如能量耗散/韧性和能量消耗之间的权衡。刚度/强度、热/电绝缘性和强度以及轻量化和弯曲刚度限制了具有多种所需功能的先进材料的创建，并在材料性能空间中实现了无法实现的领域。微观结构可以通过“建筑材料方法”进行设计，以推动多物理材料特性超越性能权衡，从各种生物材料、细胞（巨嘴鸟）中确定的结构设计元素中学习。喙和小梁骨）、梯度（牙齿/牙釉质交界处和鱿鱼喙）和分层（鲍鱼珍珠层和海海绵骨针）设计原则将在分层长度尺度上使用，以从整体硬质材料中开发出结构化的多功能超材料。将多种设计原理集成到分层结构材料中不仅可以打破性能权衡，而且还可以生产具有多种增强功能的新型先进材料（例如然而，除了麦吉尔拥有世界一流的计算和实验设施来表征这些先进材料之外，精确的 3D 打印技术还能够同时制造多种材料（例如刚性材料）。为了实现最先进的多功能材料以及合理设计的分层微结构，尖端的 PolyJet 多材料 3D 打印机将至关重要。通过 NSERC RTI 拨款获得所需的增材制造技术，能够培训建筑材料领域的大量 HQP，并允许对材料微/细观结构与先进材料的多功能性能之间的关系进行全面的多学科研究。这项研究将用于创建具有可调特性的创新多功能系统，适用于智能结构、软机器人、热管理、声学以及去除水和空气中的污染物，以造福加拿大的经济和环境。