Biodegradation of the most commonly used herbicide on earth

地球上最常用的除草剂的生物降解

• 批准号: 506399-2017
• 负责人: Charles, Trevor
• 金额: $ 20.31万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=694722
• 关键词: Biodegradation; most; commonly; used; herbicide

The most commonly used herbicide on Earth is glyphosate, which kills plants by inhibiting a key enzyme involved in aromatic amino acid synthesis. It is popular for a number of reasons; low toxicity to humans and animals, short residence time in soil and water due to degradation through microbial metabolic activity, and development of glyphosate tolerant varieties of crop plants. Glyphosate is a phosphonate, with a highly stable carbon-phosphorous bond. It is readily biodegraded, however, by microbes in the soil. The details of the bacteria, the biochemical pathways, and the enzymes that are responsible for this biodegradation are not well known. Under some soil conditions, glyphosate can accumulate in the soil over time. We have assembled a team with complementary expertise in biochemistry, microbiology, bacterial genetics and metagenomics to investigate glyphosate metabolism in agricultural soils by isolating and studying new strains of glyphosate degrading bacteria, searching for novel glyphosate degradation pathways, and detailed characterization of the pathway enzymes. We will also attempt to generate evolved strains with improved glyphosate degradation properties. Our industrial partner is interested in the knowledge that we generate and the glyphosate degrading strains that we isolate for the potential future development of products for remediation of glyphosate contaminated soils. This project will contribute towards the maintenance of glyphosate as an important and valuable tool for modern sustainable agriculture in Canada.

地球上最常用的除草剂是草甘膦，它通过抑制参与芳香族氨基酸合成的关键酶来杀死植物。由于多种原因，它很受欢迎；对人类和动物的毒性低，由于微生物代谢活性降解而导致土壤和水的停留时间短，以及草甘膦耐受的作物植物的耐受性。草甘膦是一种磷酸盐，具有高度稳定的碳磷键。但是，它很容易被土壤中的微生物生物降解。尚不清楚细菌，生化途径和造成这种生物降解的酶的细节。在某些土壤条件下，草甘膦可以随着时间的推移积聚在土壤中。我们已经组建了一个在生物化学，微生物学，细菌遗传学和核心力学方面具有互补专业知识的团队，通过隔离和研究玻璃糖果的新菌株降解细菌，从而在农业土壤中调查甘氨酸的代谢，从而寻找新型的Glyphosate Dewlaposate DeDglosate degladation Pathroweand和详细的特征。我们还将尝试以改进的草甘膦降解特性生成进化的菌株。我们的工业合作伙伴对我们产生的知识和草甘膦降解菌株感兴趣，这些菌株是为了弥补草甘膦污染的土壤的潜在开发产品的潜在开发。该项目将有助于维护草甘膦，作为加拿大现代可持续农业的重要且有价值的工具。