Development of stable lithium metal anode systems for high energy density lithium-sulfur batteries

高能量密度锂硫电池稳定锂金属负极系统的开发

• 批准号: 522451-2017
• 负责人: Pope, Michael
• 金额: $ 3.11万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688577
• 关键词: Development; stable; lithium; metal; anode

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most promising contenders to replace conventional Li-ion battery technology due to their potentially low cost, high mass-specific energy, and more sustainable production. While significant progress has been made in the last 5-10 years towards realizing these advantages, Li-S technology is hampered by many challenges that need to be addressed to enable their successful commercialization. Several of these challenges such as the electrically insulating nature of sulfur, the large volume change upon conversion of S to Li2S and the solubility of intermediates during this conversion can be suppressed by creating advanced composite materials including the use of high surface area graphene-based additives - A material which NanoXplore produces at scale. However challenges associated with the rapid degradation of the lithium metal anode remain to be solved.The goal of the proposed collaborative research program is to address the challenges associated with highly reactive lithium metal anode. The team seeks to develop a graphene-reinforced glassy carbon interlayer that separates the reactive anode from the electrolyte. This selectively permeable membrane will facilitate the rapid transport of Li-ions between the anode and electrolyte preventing the electrolyte from reacting with the Li metal directly. The success of this project is expected to lead to rechargeable batteries that are 3 to 4 times lighter but contain the same amount of energy. This would extend the range of various technologies such as areal drones, electric aircraft, and electric vehicles that benefit significantly from reduced weight. It will also decrease battery costs by using abundant and inexpensive sulfur as the cathode material and decrease our reliance on unethical cobalt mining practices. The use of graphene derived from Canadian graphite in high volume applications will lead to significant economic growth, while the further enabling of green technologies such as electric vehicles will also lead to environmental benefits that will be felt across Canada.

锂硫（LI-S）电池是最有前途的竞争者之一，因为它们可能低成本，高质量特异性能源和更可持续的生产，以取代传统的锂离子电池技术。尽管在过去的5 - 10年中取得了重大进展，以实现这些优势，但LI-S技术受到许多需要解决的挑战，以实现其成功的商业化。这些挑战中有几个挑战，例如硫的电绝缘性质，S转换为Li2s时的大量变化以及在此转换过程中中间体的溶解度可以通过创建高级复合材料来抑制，包括使用高表面积基于石墨烯的添加剂 - 一种基于高表面积的添加剂 - 一种材料，纳米倍数在大规模上产生。然而，与锂金属阳极的快速降解有关的挑战仍有待解决。拟议的协作研究计划的目的是解决与高反应性锂金属阳极有关的挑战。该团队试图开发一个用石墨烯增强的玻璃碳互层，将反应性阳极与电解质分开。该有选择的渗透膜将促进阳极和电解质之间的液化快速运输，从而阻止电解质直接与LI金属反应。预计该项目的成功将导致可充电电池减轻3至4倍，但含有相同的能量。这将扩大各种技术的范围，例如从重量减轻中受益的各种无人机，电动飞机和电动汽车。它还将通过使用丰富且廉价的硫作为阴极材料来降低电池成本，并减少我们对不道德钴采矿实践的依赖。从加拿大石墨中衍生的石墨烯在高批量应用中的使用将导致经济增长，而绿色技术（例如电动汽车）的进一步实现也将导致在整个加拿大都能感受到的环境利益。