Understanding determinants of tropical forests stocks and fluxes from plot to landscape levels.

了解热带森林储量和从地块到景观水平的通量的决定因素。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06123
• 负责人: Potvin, Catherine
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=688145
• 关键词: Understanding; determinants; tropical; forests; stocks

Tropical forests occupy 12% of the terrestrial surface, harbor more than half of terrestrial diversity and hold over 40% of terrestrial carbon. These forests are highly threatened globally with deforestation in the tropics accounting for ~10% of total greenhouse gas emission. My research program aims at deepening the understanding of the dynamics of tropical forests carbon stocks. I propose scaling-up and improving the predictive power of the relationship between tree diversity and C storage and cycling in tropical forests. The specific questions addressed in in this proposal are: (1) Can high C storing species or groups of species be predicted from functional traits? (2) Does tree diversity enhance the stability of C stocks and fluxes? (3) How does the relationship between tree diversity and C stocks change with scale? Specific objective 1 will be addressed by complementing Sardinilla's existing functional traits data-base will be complemented with traits related to phenology, architecture as well as phylogeny and comparing the interactions between the functional characteristics of target species and the plot/neighborhood that maximize C storage in Panama, Brazil and China. Specific objective 2 will take advantage of the long-term data set of Sardinilla to break-down for the first time the role of interactions between individuals in their contributions to stabilization and diversity effects. Specific objective 3 will focus on the role of big trees at the landscape level. Building up on earlier work, I propose that the relationship between the variance in C stocks, at the plot-level and area is U-shaped with high at small spatial scale and low at the regional scale. The impact of my proposed Discovery grant proposal will be felt at three main levels. By identifying functional traits identifying species and species combinations maximizing C storage across sites, I will propose an approach improving the predictability of BEF experiment. By testing the importance of species asynchrony and demographic stochasticity at the level of individual trees, I will solidify the understanding of the proposed unified biodiversity and stability analytical framework. Finally, by documenting changes in the relationship between species richness and C storage from plot to landscape level, I will contribute to the scale transition theory. Together these results will greatly increase the predictive power and the ability to scale-up BEF results to the landscape level. These analyses of ecosystem functioning, relevant to as important an ecosystem service as climate regulation, will make a key contribution to the new paradigm of biodiversity science.

热带森林占陆地表面的12%，拥有陆地一半以上的多样性，并拥有陆地40%以上的碳。 这些森林在全球范围内受到高度威胁，热带地区的森林砍伐约占温室气体排放总量的 10%。我的研究计划旨在加深对热带森林碳储量动态的了解。我建议扩大和提高热带森林树木多样性与碳储存和循环之间关系的预测能力。该提案解决的具体问题是：（1）能否从功能性状预测高碳储存物种或物种群？ (2) 树木多样性是否增强了碳库和通量的稳定性？ (3) 树木多样性与碳储量之间的关系如何随规模变化？ 具体目标 1 将通过补充撒丁岛现有的功能性状数据库来实现，数据库将补充与物候、结构和系统发育相关的性状，并比较目标物种的功能性特征与最大化碳储存的地块/邻域之间的相互作用。巴拿马、巴西和中国。具体目标2将利用撒丁岛的长期数据集，首次详细分析个体之间的相互作用对稳定和多样性效应的贡献。具体目标 3 将重点关注大树在景观层面的作用。在早期工作的基础上，我提出，地块层面和面积上的碳储量方差之间的关系呈 U 形，小空间尺度较高，区域尺度较低。我提出的发现拨款提案的影响将在三个主要层面上感受到。通过识别功能特征，识别物种和物种组合，最大限度地提高跨地点的碳储存，我将提出一种提高 BEF 实验可预测性的方法。通过在个体树木层面测试物种异步性和人口统计随机性的重要性，我将巩固对拟议的统一生物多样性和稳定性分析框架的理解。最后，通过记录物种丰富度和碳储存之间关系从地块到景观水平的变化，我将为尺度转变理论做出贡献。 这些结果将大大提高预测能力以及将 BEF 结果扩大到景观水平的能力。这些对生态系统功能的分析与气候调节一样重要的生态系统服务相关，将为生物多样性科学的新范式做出关键贡献。