Exploring interactions among climatic stressors and adaptive freshwater metacommunities

探索气候压力源与适应性淡水元群落之间的相互作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04684
• 负责人: Vinebrooke, Rolf
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=684273
• 关键词: Exploring; interactions; among; climatic; stressors

The ecological surprises of global change attest to the lack of a conceptual approach to the study of cumulative impacts by multiple novel and rapid environmental changes (i.e. stressors). Interactions among stressors and species are at the core of these unexpected events as they result in indirect effects that cannot be easily predicted based on knowledge of single direct effects. However, mechanistic understanding of the mediating effects of abiotic and biotic (e.g., competition, predation) interactions, species dispersal, and adaptation on stressed communities remains very limited. Integration of the evolving niche and metacommunity concepts provides a tool for discovering eco-evolutionary dynamics involving multiple stressors, such as extreme climatic events (e.g., drought and heat waves). Functional species traits must also be considered in such an approach to enable forecasting of the net impacts of climatic stressors on ecosystem function and their services. The premise of my proposal is that exploring pond metacommunities along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients can reveal how global warming affects biodiversity and functional performance. Several discoveries by my group of young scientists are the basis for this proposed research, which will build on our empirical strength to investigate the net effects of multiple stressors on aquatic ecosystems. We will address these four research objectives over the next five years:***1. Using a space-for-time approach, construct community response surfaces in the context of climate change.***2. Test for indirect effects of drought, higher temperature, and species interactions on local communities.***3. Test for "rescue effects" by regional species pools on climatically stressed local communities.***4. Test the potential for climatic niche adaptation in focal species.***Success of the proposed research will depend highly on my ability to mentor a dynamic HQP team. My strategy continues to consist of frequent interaction, constructive criticism, encouragement, and sharing of resources among all members of my lab. HQP receive training across a high diversity of disciplines, including paleolimnology, limnology, whole-ecosystem and mesocosm experiments, quantitative taxonomy, and multivariate analyses. The state-of-the-art research infrastructure provided by the University of Alberta and also my own lab enables me to provide comprehensive ecological and taxonomic training, generating skill sets that are increasingly in demand by academic, governmental, and private environmental agencies conducting environmental assessments of impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Though my focus is here on the ecological impacts of global warming, my proposed conceptual approach is broadly applicable to the study of other multiple stressors affecting aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.  **

全球变化的生态惊喜证明了缺乏通过多种新颖和快速的环境变化（即压力源）来研究累积影响的概念方法。压力源和物种之间的相互作用是这些意外事件的核心，因为它们会导致间接效应，这些效应无法根据单个直接效应的知识轻松预测。然而，对非生物和生物（例如竞争，捕食）相互作用，物种分散以及对压力群落的适应性的中介作用的机械理解仍然非常有限。不断发展的利基和元社区概念的整合为发现涉及多种压力源的生态进化动力学（例如极端气候事件（例如干旱和热浪））提供了一种工具。还必须在这种方法中考虑功能性特征，以预测气候压力源对生态系统功能及其服务的净影响。我的提议的前提是，沿着海拔和纬度梯度探索池塘元社区可以揭示全球变暖如何影响生物多样性和功能性能。我小组的年轻科学家的几个发现是这项拟议研究的基础，这将基于我们的经验强度，以研究多种压力源对水生生态系统的净影响。我们将在未来五年中解决这四个研究目标：*** 1。使用空间的方法，在气候变化的背景下构建社区响应表面。**** 2。测试干旱，高温和物种相互作用对当地社区的间接影响。**** 3。测试区域物种池对民间强调的当地社区的“救援效应”。**** 4。测试焦点物种中碎屑小众适应的潜力。****拟议研究的成功将在很大程度上取决于我精神动态HQP团队的能力。我的策略继续包括频繁的互动，建设性的批评主义，鼓励和分享我的实验室成员之间的资源。 HQP接受了跨多种学科的培训，包括古菌学，林格学，全生态系统和中型实验，定量分类学和多变量分析。由艾伯塔大学（University of Alberta）提供的最先进的研究基础设施以及我自己的实验室使我能够提供全面的生态和分类学培训，生成学术，政府和私人环境机构的需求越来越多的技能集，这些机构对生物生物性和生态系统服务的影响进行环境评估。尽管我的重点是全球变暖的生态影响，但我提出的概念方法广泛适用于对影响水生和陆地生态系统的其他多重压力源的研究。 **