Investigating the role of public transit on health behaviors among older adults with disabilities

调查公共交通对残疾老年人健康行为的作用

• 批准号: 10644067
• 负责人: Erica Twardzik
• 金额: $ 12.27万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10644067
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Automobile Driving; Award; Behavior; Cognition; Communication; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Sources; Development; Disabled Persons; Disparity population; Elderly; Environment; Equity; Facility Designs; Family; Fellowship; Foundations; Friends; Future; Goals; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Hearing; Home; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Medicare; Mentorship; Neighborhoods; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Persons; Phase; Physical activity; Physical shape; Policies; Population; Population Group; Population Heterogeneity; Positioning Attribute; Quality of life; Reduce health disparities; Religion; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Sampling; Self Care; Services; Societal Factors; Surveys; System; Testing; Training; Transportation; Travel; Universities; Urban Developments; Visit; Walking; Work; aging in place; beneficiary; career; career development; data integration; density; disability; end of life; health determinants; health disparity; health equity; healthy aging; human old age (65+); improved; lens; longitudinal analysis; mortality; social; social engagement; social epidemiology; social health determinants; structural determinants; transportation access; trend; urban planning

PROJECT SUMMARY 11.2 million (23.5%) older adults report difficulty traveling outside their homes, making limited transportation access a structural barrier to health. With over 7 million non-driving older adults and 7-10 non-driving years at the end of life, alternative transportation options are needed. Lack of public transit accessibility can disproportionally harm older adults with disabilities and may impact health behaviors, such as physical activity and social participation. Physical activity and social participation are key components of healthy aging, associated with cognition, quality of life, and mortality. To this end, identification of modifiable public transit features, and their impact on physical activity and social participation among older adults with disabilities is critically needed. The proposed research will examine the role of public transit on physical activity and social participation among older adults with and without disabilities. This research will collect primary data on public transit accessibility features and link them to the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Specifically, this research will address the following aims: 1) Examine if self-reported public transit use is associated with physical activity and social participation among older adults with and without disabilities, 2) Determine if the accessibility of public transit systems is associated with physical activity and social participation behaviors among older adults, 3) Test the hypotheses that public transit use partially mediates the link between public transit features and (a) physical activity and/or (b) social participation among older adults. The proposed use of NHATS, a rich, integrated data source will allow for investigation into whether public transit use interacts with disability status to result in differential physical activity and social participation (Aim 1); if the density and accessibility of public transit systems interact with disability status to affect physical activity and social participation (Aim 2); and the mechanism through which disability, public transit features, and public transit use shape physical activity and social participation among older adults (Aim 3). This research will examine if public transit system access is associated with physical activity and social participation among older adults with disabilities, a potential intervention target to optimize older adults’ ability to age in place. Identification of modifiable, upstream factors could reduce health disparities among this population group. The findings from this work will inform transportation development and planning about public transit systems which are inclusive of older adults with disabilities.

项目摘要 1,120万（23.5％）的老年人报告说，遇到艰难的旅行，使运输工具有限 进入健康障碍。超过700万的非驾驶老年人和7-10年的非驾驶年份 生命的尽头，需要替代的运输选择。缺乏公共交通可访问性可以 不成比例地损害残疾老年人，可能会影响健康行为，例如身体活动 和社会参与。体育活动和社交参与是健康衰老的关键组成部分， 与认知，生活质量和死亡率有关。为此，确定可修改的公共交通 特征及其对疾病老年人的体育锻炼和社交参与的影响是 至关重要的是。拟议的研究将研究公共交通在体育锻炼和社会上的作用 在患有和没有残疾的老年人中参与。这项研究将收集公众的主要数据 过境可及性功能，并将其链接到国家健康和衰老趋势研究。具体来说，这是 研究将解决以下目的：1）检查自我报告的公共交通使用是否与 有和无残疾的老年人的体育活动和社交参与，2）确定是否确定 公共交通系统的可访问性与体育活动和社会参与行为有关 在老年人中，3）检验公共交通使用的假设部分介导了公众之间的联系 过境特征和（a）体育活动和/或（b）老年人的社交参与。提议的使用 NHAT是一个丰富的，集成的数据源，将允许投资公共交通使用是否与 残疾状况会导致体育锻炼和社会参与的不同（目标1）；如果密度和 公共交通系统与残疾状况相互作用以影响身体活动和社会 参与（目标2）；以及残疾，公共交通特征和公共交通使用的机制 塑造老年人的体育活动和社交参与（AIM 3）。这项研究将检查公众是否 过境系统访问与老年人的体育锻炼和社交参与有关 残疾，一个潜在的干预措施，以优化老年人的老化能力。识别 可修改的上游因素可以减少该人群中的健康差异。来自 这项工作将为运输开发和规划提供有关包容性的公共交通系统的信息 老年人残疾人。