Exploring individual differences in language processing using behavioral and electrophysiological methods

使用行为和电生理学方法探索语言处理的个体差异

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05311
• 负责人: Jouravlev, Olessia
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Carleton University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=654884
• 关键词: Exploring; individual; differences; language; processing; Exploring; individual; differences; language; processing

Individual variability in language abilities is often discarded from scientific investigation. A comprehensive account of language processing, however, requires consideration of commonalities as well as individual differences. The long-term goal of my research is to provide a detailed account of the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying individual differences in language processing. This account will explain how language-specific (e.g., lexical knowledge) and domain-general (e.g., working memory) mechanisms contribute to individual differences in language processing. It will establish a link between linguistic behaviour and brain responses. Finally, it will apply to populations with different linguistic profiles. ***Using a number of innovative methodological approaches and adhering to the current standards of reproducible and transparent science, I will pursue the following short-term aims. Aim 1 is to assess reliability and stability of several behavioural and electrophysiological measures of language processing. Measures found to be stable within individuals will be used as indicators of individual performance in further studies. Aim 2 is to advance a technique of functional localization of regions of interest to the field of electrophysiology. This innovative methodological approach will allow me to account for variability in locations of functional areas dedicated to language in the individual brains. In Aim 3, I will explore inter-individual variations in behavioural and neural responses during language processing across 3 populations with distinct linguistic profiles: (i) monolinguals, (ii) bilinguals, and (iii) individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), a group characterized by impaired processing of language. ***The proposed research will provide an in-depth evaluation of associations between behavioural and neural responses evoked during language processing and will advance our understanding of effects that language-specific and domain-general cognitive mechanisms have on individual differences in linguistic abilities. The obtained knowledge about factors contributing to variability in linguistic skills will inform educators, who will use this information to create programs tailored to the cognitive strengths of an individual. Finally, this research will make a number of methodological contributions, including (i) a comprehensive assessment of stability of several language comprehension measures, (ii) an introduction of the method of functional localization of EEG channels/regions of interest, and (iii) a validation of several analysis techniques applied to EEG/ERP data (i.e., latent difference score modeling (LDS) and representational similarity analysis (RSA)). To conclude, the proposed research will allow me to make significant advances in understanding mechanisms of linguistic diversity.

语言能力的个人变异通常会从科学研究中丢弃。但是，对语言处理的全面说明需要考虑共同点以及个体差异。我的研究的长期目标是详细说明语言处理中个体差异的神经认知机制。该帐户将解释语言特异性（例如词汇知识）和领域（例如工作记忆）机制如何有助于语言处理的个体差异。它将在语言行为和大脑反应之间建立联系。最后，它适用于具有不同语言概况的人群。 ***使用多种创新的方法论方法并遵守当前可再现和透明科学的标准，我将追求以下短期目标。目的1是评估语言处理的几种行为和电生理测量方法的可靠性和稳定性。在进一步研究中，发现个人内部稳定的措施将被用作个体表现的指标。目的2是推进电生理领域感兴趣区域的功能定位技术。这种创新的方法论方法将使我能够说明专门针对单个大脑语言的功能领域位置的可变性。在AIM 3中，我将探讨3个具有独特语言特征的人群的语言处理过程中行为和神经反应的个体变化：（i）单语言，（ii）双语和（iii）具有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的人（ASD），由语言处理受损而表征的组。 ***拟议的研究将对语言处理过程中引起的行为和神经反应之间的关联进行深入评估，并将促进我们对语言特定和领域的认知机制对语言能力的个体差异具有的影响的理解。获得有关导致语言技能变异性的因素的知识将为教育工作者提供信息，他们将使用此信息来创建针对个人认知优势的程序。最后，这项研究将做出许多方法上的贡献，包括（i）对几种语言理解度量的稳定性进行全面评估，（ii）介绍了EEG渠道/感兴趣的EEG渠道/区域的功能定位方法，以及（iii）对EEG/ERP数据应用的多种分析技术的验证（I.EEG/ERP数据）（即，Letant Distlent差异分析（LDS）和代表性分析（LDS）和代表性分析（LDS）。总而言之，拟议的研究将使我能够在理解语言多样性机制方面取得重大进步。