Cross-script orthographic and phonological preview benefits

The present experiment examined the use of parafoveally presented first-language (LI) orthographic and phonological codes during reading of second-language (L2) sentences in proficient Russian-English bilinguals. Participants read English sentences containing a Russian preview word that was replaced by the English target word when the participant's eyes crossed an invisible boundary located before the preview word. The use of English and Russian allowed us to manipulate orthographic and phonological preview effects independently of one another. The Russian preview words overlapped with English target words in (a) orthography (BERRY), (b) phonology ([blank]-BLOOD), or (c) had no orthographic or phonological overlap (-BERRY; -BLOOD). The results of this study showed a clear and strong benefit of the parafoveal preview of Russian words that shared either orthography or phonology with English target words. This study is the first demonstration of cross-script orthographic and phonological parafoveal preview benefit effects. Bilinguals integrate orthographic and phonological information across eye fixations in reading, even when this information comes from different languages.

本实验研究了熟练的俄语 - 英语双语者在阅读第二语言（L2）句子时对副中央凹呈现的第一语言（L1）正字法和语音代码的使用情况。参与者阅读包含一个俄语预视词的英语句子，当参与者的眼睛越过位于预视词之前的一个不可见边界时，该俄语预视词会被英语目标词所取代。使用英语和俄语使我们能够相互独立地操纵正字法和语音预视效应。俄语预视词在以下方面与英语目标词重叠：（a）正字法（BERRY），（b）语音（[空白]-BLOOD），或者（c）没有正字法或语音重叠（-BERRY；-BLOOD）。这项研究的结果表明，与英语目标词在正字法或语音上有重叠的俄语单词的副中央凹预视具有明显且强烈的优势。这项研究首次证明了跨文字的正字法和语音副中央凹预视优势效应。双语者在阅读过程中跨眼动注视整合正字法和语音信息，即使这些信息来自不同的语言。