Monitoring, Understanding and Assessment of Complex Structural Behaviour

复杂结构行为的监测、理解和评估

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-03733
• 负责人: Hoult, Neil
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=653888
• 关键词: Monitoring; Understanding; Assessment; Complex; Structural

An ever increasing burden is being placed on Canada's economy and the environment by the need to build, repair and replace infrastructure. For the structural engineering community there is an opportunity to help alleviate this burden by reducing the use of materials and other resources through optimized approaches to design, construction, and assessment. Research has indicated that refined design could reduce the use of materials in structures by 30%, which would result in cost and CO2 emission reductions of a similar magnitude. These savings would be significant since steel and cement production accounts for approximately 50% of industrial CO2 emissions and the construction industry represents 6% of GDP ($73.8 billion). Similarly if construction timelines can be reduced, this would result in reduced energy use and lower costs. Finally, more accurate assessments of existing structures could also enable significant cost and CO2 savings by allowing existing structures to be kept in service longer. ***However, engineers are often limited in the design and analysis techniques they can use because of the need for conservatism in the absence of accurate information about structural behaviour. New sensor technologies such as distributed fibre optic sensors (FOS), wireless senor networks (WSN) and digital image correlation (DIC) could provide the critical information to fill this knowledge gap, and enable optimized design, construction, and assessment. This research program will contribute to groundbreaking advances in how new sensor technologies can be used to improve: (i) the design of two-way slabs, (ii) the construction of large buildings, and (iii) the assessment of bridge girders.***The research program will take advantage of the unique Canada Foundation for Innovation funded lab facilities and instrumentation technologies available to the applicant. The proposed research will advance the state of the art in structural engineering by: (a) using large-scale experiments and distributed sensor systems to understand complex structural systems, (b) developing approaches to modeling or assessing these systems so that material use, construction time and service life can be optimized, and (c) providing HQP with engineering skills that are highly desired in Canada and abroad.***The outcomes of the research will include guidance for how to optimize the design of two-way slabs, improved construction guidance for large buildings, and an improved understanding of the impact of variable load paths on the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams that will lead to more accurate code approaches. Canada will see benefits from this research in terms of reduced infrastructure costs and environmental impact. Three MASc and three PhD students with specialty skills in the area of optimized structural design and core skills required of Professional Engineers will be trained.**

建设、维修和更换基础设施的需求给加拿大经济和环境带来了越来越大的负担。 对于结构工程界来说，有机会通过优化设计、施工和评估方法减少材料和其他资源的使用，从而帮助减轻这一负担。研究表明，精细设计可以将结构中的材料使用量减少 30%，从而实现类似幅度的成本和二氧化碳排放量减少。由于钢铁和水泥生产约占工业二氧化碳排放量的 50%，而建筑业占 GDP 的 6%（738 亿美元），因此这些节约将是巨大的。 同样，如果可以缩短施工时间，就会减少能源使用并降低成本。最后，对现有结构进行更准确的评估还可以通过延长现有结构的使用寿命来显着节省成本和二氧化碳。 ***然而，由于缺乏有关结构行为的准确信息，需要采取保守措施，因此工程师可以使用的设计和分析技术通常受到限制。分布式光纤传感器 (FOS)、无线传感器网络 (WSN) 和数字图像相关 (DIC) 等新型传感器技术可以提供关键信息来填补这一知识空白，并实现优化设计、构建和评估。 该研究计划将有助于在如何使用新传感器技术来改进以下方面取得突破性进展：(i) 双向板的设计，(ii) 大型建筑物的建造，以及 (iii) 桥梁大梁的评估。* **该研究计划将利用加拿大创新基金会资助的独特实验室设施和申请人可用的仪器技术。拟议的研究将通过以下方式推进结构工程的最新技术：（a）使用大规模实验和分布式传感器系统来理解复杂的结构系统，（b）开发建模或评估这些系统的方法，以便材料的使用，施工时间和使用寿命可以得到优化，并且 (c) 为总部提供加拿大和国外非常需要的工程技能。***研究成果将包括如何优化双向板设计的指导，改进大型建筑的施工指导，以及对变量影响的更好理解钢筋混凝土梁抗剪能力的载荷路径将导致更准确的规范方法。加拿大将从这项研究中看到降低基础设施成本和环境影响方面的好处。将培训三名硕士生和三名博士生，他们拥有优化结构设计领域的专业技能和专业工程师所需的核心技能。 **