Antigen Presentation in Teleost Fishes

硬骨鱼中的抗原呈现

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04116
• 负责人: Dixon, Brian
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=649362
• 关键词: Antigen; Presentation; Teleost; Fishes

This research proposal focuses on the processes fish, in particular species important for aquaculture such as Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout, use to start immune responses, which resist disease. The main process examined here, antigen presentation, takes protein fragments of pathogens and presents them to immune system cells, which activate responses to the pathogen. Understanding this process is well understood in humans and has led to the development of tremendously successful vaccines, yet it has not been well studied in fish. Therefore, using antibodies we have raised against the proteins involved, I will examine which proteins interact with which others and whether or not the same proteins, which carry out these functions in mammals are involved in fish. I will also examine the way in which the genes and the proteins they encode are turned on, function in fish-specific ways and the environmental influences on the expression of those genes. Finally, my laboratory will isolate the small protein fragments from the pathogens that are used by the fish immune system to understand which parts of the pathogens start these responses. This research is important for two reasons. Firstly, fish immune systems have evolved differently than human immune systems, so it is critical to understand that evolutionary process in order to understand many other aspects of fish immunity. Secondly, because of this divergent evolutionary path and the different manner in which fish immune systems work, the detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of fish immunity and the parts of the pathogen that they target gathered here is critical for the design of vaccines that work effectively in fish. This is important for the aquaculture industry, as current vaccines based on mammalian immune models are not as effective as they could be, causing losses of millions of dollars each year. This knowledge will also be beneficial for selection of broodstock for the aquaculture industry and for stocking of fish in lakes used for recreational fishing or maintaining wild populations, providing benefits for the Canadian economy, environment and society at large.

该研究计划重点关注鱼类，特别是对水产养殖重要的物种，如大西洋鲑鱼和虹鳟鱼，用于启动抵抗疾病的免疫反应的过程。这里检查的主要过程是抗原呈递，获取病原体的蛋白质片段并将其呈递给免疫系统细胞，免疫系统细胞激活对病原体的反应。对这一过程的了解在人类中已得到充分理解，并导致了疫苗的开发取得了巨大成功，但尚未在鱼类中得到充分研究。因此，使用我们针对相关蛋白质产生的抗体，我将检查哪些蛋白质与其他蛋白质相互作用，以及在哺乳动物中执行这些功能的相同蛋白质是否与鱼类有关。我还将研究基因和它们编码的蛋白质的开启方式、以鱼类特有的方式发挥作用以及环境对这些基因表达的影响。最后，我的实验室将从病原体中分离出小蛋白质片段，鱼类免疫系统使用这些片段来了解病原体的哪些部分启动这些反应。这项研究很重要，原因有两个。首先，鱼类免疫系统的进化与人类免疫系统不同，因此了解进化过程对于了解鱼类免疫的许多其他方面至关重要。其次，由于这种不同的进化路径和鱼类免疫系统工作方式的不同，对鱼类免疫机制及其针对的病原体部分的详细了解对于设计有效发挥作用的疫苗至关重要。鱼。这对于水产养殖业很重要，因为目前基于哺乳动物免疫模型的疫苗并不那么有效，每年造成数百万美元的损失。这些知识也将有利于水产养殖业亲鱼的选择以及用于休闲钓鱼或维持野生种群的湖泊中鱼类的放养，从而为加拿大的经济、环境和整个社会带来好处。