Biomimetic Synthetic Grafts for Bone Regeneration and Epithelial Healing

用于骨再生和上皮愈合的仿生合成移植物

• 批准号: 418617-2012
• 负责人: Tamimi, Faleh
• 金额: $ 1.59万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=638270
• 关键词: Biomimetic; Synthetic; Grafts; Bone; Regeneration

Millions of patients worldwide suffer from severe injuries involving skin and skeleton due to accidents, cancer, infection or birth defects. These conditions have devastating impact on the quality of life of the patients, are often life-threatening, and result in high costs to healthcare agencies. Currently, reconstruction of body parts that include skin and bone (i.e. limbs, face) has been made possible through complex surgical transplantation of living tissues from fresh cadavers. Although this technique has shown great potential, transplantation of living organs requires strong immunosuppressive therapies that reduce considerably the life expectancy of the patients. Currently there are no artificial materials designed to regenerate injuries involving both bone and skin. Dr. Tamimi's research program aims at developing synthetic materials that would eliminate the need for cadaver grafts. In order to prepare such materials, Dr Tamimi will investigate how the chemical composition of bone influences its biological behaviour. Bone mineral is mainly composed of calcium and phosphate, however, its also includes low concentrations of a wide range of many other elements known as trace elements. The role of trace elements in bone is currently not clear and inconclusive; however, some studies indicate that they may have useful effects on bone regeneration. Synthetic materials used for bone regeneration are made of simple components that often ignore the potential relevance of these trace elements. Accordingly, in the proposed 5-year discover grant application Dr Tamimi will investigate: i)the role of trace elements in bone and identify which elements may have a positive effect on bone formation (Objective 1); ii) the effect of adding trace elements to synthetic materials for bone regeneration (Objective 2); and iii) the combination of the newly developed bone regeneration biomaterials with synthetic membranes for skin healing resulting in compound materials suitable for reconstruction of complex injuries involving skin and bone (Objective 3).

全球有数百万患者因事故、癌症、感染或先天缺陷而遭受皮肤和骨骼严重损伤。这些情况对患者的生活质量产生毁灭性影响，常常危及生命，并导致医疗机构承担高昂费用。目前，通过复杂的手术移植新鲜尸体的活体组织，可以重建包括皮肤和骨骼（即四肢、面部）在内的身体部位。尽管这项技术显示出巨大的潜力，但活体器官移植需要强有力的免疫抑制治疗，这会大大缩短患者的预期寿命。目前还没有设计用于再生涉及骨骼和皮肤的损伤的人造材料。塔米米博士的研究计划旨在开发合成材料，以消除对尸体移植的需要。为了制备此类材料，塔米米博士将研究骨骼的化学成分如何影响其生物行为。骨矿物质主要由钙和磷酸盐组成，然而，它还包含低浓度的多种其他元素，称为微量元素。微量元素在骨骼中的作用目前尚不清楚，也没有定论；然而，一些研究表明它们可能对骨再生产生有益的影响。用于骨再生的合成材料由简单的成分制成，通常忽略这些微量元素的潜在相关性。因此，在拟议的 5 年发现拨款申请中，塔米米博士将研究： i) 微量元素在骨骼中的作用，并确定哪些元素可能对骨骼形成产生积极影响（目标 1）； ii) 在合成材料中添加微量元素对骨再生的影响（目标2）； iii) 将新开发的骨再生生物材料与用于皮肤愈合的合成膜相结合，产生适合重建涉及皮肤和骨骼的复杂损伤的复合材料（目标3）。