Limb sounding upper tropospheric and stratospheric trends and processes

对流层上层和平流层的临边探测趋势和过程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-04287
• 负责人: Bourassa, Adam
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=634112
• 关键词: Limb; sounding; upper; tropospheric; stratospheric

Over the last decade there have been great advances in atmospheric science that have been made possible by new satellite instruments that take measurements of a high altitude region of the atmosphere, called the stratosphere, using a side-view technique called limb-sounding. These advances have improved our understanding of both short term weather related processes and long term climate related processes. Canada has played an important role through the operation of the Canadian-built OSIRIS satellite instrument. The projects funded by this proposal make further use of the OSIRIS measurements to study long term trends in the make-up of the stratosphere as well as processes that occur on much shorter time scales, such as the effects of large volcanic eruptions. We also propose to continue to develop the technology, both hardware and knowledge-based, for new satellite instrumentation using this limb sounding technique for measuring the stratosphere. One of the important atmospheric parameters in this work is stratospheric aerosol. These tiny droplets, which can last in the stratosphere for many years, are caused in part by volcanic eruptions and by scattering sunlight away from the Earth, cool the planet. We will work with multiple satellite measurements to reconcile the global distributions of aerosol over the last few decades. These measurements will also help us understand several poorly understood aspects about volcanic eruptions, such as the details of how the plumes evolve throughout the atmosphere. In addition, we will study methods for obtaining improved aerosol and water vapour information from two new satellite instruments that we are developing with the Canadian Space Agency for future missions. Water vapour is a particularly important atmospheric component and its variability in the atmosphere is poorly understood. Finally, we will work on computational models for these satellite measurements that will help us to understand three dimensional effects in the satellite measurements, such as patches of cloud and thin plumes of aerosol. An important impact of this project will be a greatly increased readiness level for future Canadian space technology with the potential to make key advances in atmospheric science, along with advancement in the knowledge of how to best utilize and understand satellite measurements of the atmosphere.

在过去的十年中，新的卫星仪器在大气科学方面取得了巨大进步，这些卫星仪器使用了一种称为肢体听起来的副视图技术来测量大气中的高海拔区域，称为平流层。这些进步改善了我们对短期与天气相关的过程和长期气候相关过程的理解。加拿大通过加拿大建造的奥西里斯卫星仪器的运作发挥了重要作用。该提案资助的项目进一步利用了Osiris测量值来研究平流层构成的长期趋势以及在更短的时间尺度上发生的过程，例如大型火山喷发的影响。我们还建议继续使用这种肢体音响技术来测量平流层的新卫星仪器，以继续开发用于硬件和知识的技术。这项工作的重要大气参数之一是平流层气溶胶。这些微小的液滴可以在平流层中持续多年，部分是由火山喷发和将阳光散射出来造成的，从地球上冷却。在过去的几十年中，我们将使用多个卫星测量来调和气雾剂的全球分布。这些测量还将帮助我们理解有关​​火山喷发的几个知识，例如羽毛如何在整个大气中演变的细节。此外，我们还将研究从加拿大航天局开发的两种新卫星仪器中获得改进的气溶胶和水蒸气信息的方法，以供将来的任务。水蒸气是一个特别重要的大气成分，其大气中的变异性知之甚少。最后，我们将针对这些卫星测量值进行计算模型，这些卫星测量将帮助我们了解卫星测量中的三维效应，例如云和气溶胶的细羽状。该项目的一个重要影响将是对未来加拿大太空技术的准备水平的大大提高，并有可能在大气科学方面取得关键的进步，并进步如何最好地利用和理解大气的卫星测量。