Improved catalytic converters for selective catalytic reduction

改进的催化转化器用于选择性催化还原

• 批准号: 488360-2015
• 负责人: Hayes, Robert
• 金额: $ 6.99万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=618289
• 关键词: Improved; catalytic; converters; selective; reduction

To meet strict government mandated automotive emission targets and improved fuel economy, there is great interest in the use of lean burn engines, either Diesel, gasoline or natural gas. Control of emissions, especially oxides of nitrogen, is challenging in this environment, and is usually achieved using selective catalytic reduction (SCR). In this reaction, ammonia is injected into the exhaust, which then catalytically reacts with NOX to produce nitrogen. Several catalysts have been used, but they suffer from excessive deactivation in the presence of water. The newest catalyst being exploited is based on copper chabazite. Because of their relative newness, there is not much information available that allows for the computer modelling of the reactor, which is an increasingly important tool used in the development of new converters. The aim of this work is to develop improved models for SCR converters that use copper chapazite catalyst. This includes the development of a kinetic model for copper chabazite for an exhaust gas feed that includes both NO and NO2 under transient conditions representative of real driving cycles. The model should capture the observed effects published in the literature. Such a model is beneficial for the catalytic converter industry, as it would allow for catalytic converters and catalytic converter configurations (i.e., catalyst geometry, control systems) to be designed more rapidly via simulations as opposed to laboratory experiments. This would ultimately assist the automotive industry in their exhaust gas system design to meet the continually more stringent government regulations. The results of this project will be technology that allows for the faster development of catalytic converters for new vehicles. Our partner, Umicore AG, is one of the three main catalytic converter manufacturers in the world, with extensive worldwide operations. They have manufacturing facilities in Canada where they build for the North American market. This technology will give Umicore a competitive advantage in the field, and as a result should yield increased economic activity in Canada.

为了满足政府严格规定的汽车排放目标并提高燃油经济性，人们对使用稀薄燃烧发动机（柴油、汽油或天然气）非常感兴趣。在这种环境下，控制排放（尤其是氮氧化物）具有挑战性，通常通过选择性催化还原 (SCR) 来实现。在此反应中，氨被注入废气中，然后与氮氧化物发生催化反应，产生氮气。已经使用了几种催化剂，但它们在水存在下会过度失活。正在开发的最新催化剂基于铜菱沸石。由于其相对较新，没有太多信息可用于对反应堆进行计算机建模，而反应堆是开发新型转换器中越来越重要的工具。这项工作的目的是开发使用铜菱沸石催化剂的 SCR 转化器的改进模型。这包括开发用于废气供给的铜菱沸石动力学模型，其中在代表实际驾驶循环的瞬态条件下包含 NO 和 NO2。该模型应捕捉文献中发表的观察到的效果。这样的模型对催化转化器行业是有益的，因为它允许通过模拟而不是实验室实验更快地设计催化转化器和催化转化器配置（即催化剂几何结构、控制系统）。这最终将有助于汽车行业的废气系统设计，以满足日益严格的政府法规。该项目的成果将是能够更快地开发新车催化转换器的技术。我们的合作伙伴 Umicore AG 是世界三大催化转化器制造商之一，在全球拥有广泛的业务。他们在加拿大设有制造工厂，为北美市场生产。这项技术将使优美科在该领域具有竞争优势，从而增加加拿大的经济活动。