Theoretical Investigations in Superconductivity and Graphene

超导性和石墨烯的理论研究

• 批准号: 157475-2012
• 负责人: Nicol, Elisabeth
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=569518
• 关键词: Theoretical; Investigations; Superconductivity; Graphene

Superconductivity is a phenomenon occuring at very low temperatures approaching absolute zero (-273C) where certain materials lose all resistance to the flow of electrical current and become perfect conductors. First discovered in 1911, superconductivity continues to provide major theoretical and experimental challenges to the physics and materials research communities. In recent times, new classes of superconductors have been discovered at a phenomenal rate. A major breakthrough came in 1986 with the discovery of a new family of materials which superconduct at much higher temperatures than previously known. This mobilized an unprecented activity among scientists around the world due to potential for applications and improvements in existing applications using superconductivity, such as the high speed MAGLEV (Magnetic Levitation) train being implemented in Japan, superconducting cables for power transmission, microwave filers for communications, industrial magnets, and medical diagnosis with MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Many of these new superconductors are highly unconventional, posing unique difficulties with the conventional theory of superconductivity, and likely will require a new paradigm. It is expected that study of these materials will not only provide guidance as to how to develop new materials and improved properties for applications, but will also lead to new insights in to fundamental science. I have carried out research in theoretical superconductivity to further understanding of this phenomenon in both conventional and unconventional superconductors. The focus of my work is three-fold: 1) to calculate properties of superconductors for comparison with experiment; 2) to provide theoretical support for experimental groups studying superconductors; 3) to study new mechanisms for elucidating the nature of superconductivity in novel exotic superconductors, such as the high temperature superconductors. With the recent discovery of graphene, a single sheet of carbon atoms with exotic properties which may impact micro- and optoelectronics, I plan to study the optical properties and the potential for superconductivity in this and related systems.

超导性是一种在非常低的温度下发生的现象，接近绝对零（-273C），某些材料在某些材料中失去了对电流流动的所有阻力并成为完美的导体。超导性于1911年首次发现，为物理和材料研究界提供了重大的理论和实验挑战。最近，已经以惊人的速度发现了新的超导体类别。 1986年发现了一种新的材料家族，其温度比以前更高的温度高得多。由于使用超导率的现有应用程序进行了应用和改进，例如在日本实施的高速岩浆（磁性悬浮）火车，因此动员了世界各地科学家之间的无前事活动工业磁铁和MRI的医学诊断（磁共振成像）。这些新的超导体中有许多是非常规的，因此在传统的超导性理论上构成了独特的困难，并且可能需要新的范式。可以预期，对这些材料的研究不仅会为如何开发新材料和改进应用程序的特性提供指导，而且还将导致对基本科学的新见解。我已经对理论超导性进行了研究，以进一步了解常规和非常规超导体中的这种现象。我的工作的重点是三个：1）计算超导体的性质以与实验进行比较； 2）为研究超导体的实验组提供理论支持； 3）研究新型外来超导体（例如高温超导体）中超导性质的新机制。随着石墨烯的最新发现，我计划研究光学性质和相关系统中超导性的单一碳原子，具有外来性质的碳原子，可能会影响微型和光电。