Theoretical investigations in superconductivity

超导理论研究

• 批准号: 157475-2011
• 负责人: Nicol, Elisabeth
• 金额: $ 2.72万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=476141
• 关键词: Theoretical; investigations; superconductivity

Superconductivity is a phenomenon occurring at very low temperatures approaching absolute zero (-273C) where certain materials lose all resistance to the flow of electrical current and become perfect conductors. First discovered in 1911, superconductivity continues to provide major theoretical and experimental challenges to the physics and materials research communities. In recent times, new classes of superconductors have been discovered at a phenomenal rate. A major breakthrough came in 1986 with the discovery of a new family of materials which superconduct at much higher temperatures than previously known. This mobilized an unprecedented activity among scientists around the world due to potential for applications and improvements in existing applications using superconductivity, such as the high speed MAGLEV (Magnetic Levitation) train being implemented in Japan, superconducting cables for power transmission, microwave filters for communications, industrial magnets, and medical diagnosis with MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Many of these new superconductors are highly unconventional, posing unique difficulties with the conventional theory of superconductivity, and likely will require a new paradigm. It is expected that study of these materials will not only provide guidance as to how to develop new materials and improved properties for applications, but will also lead to new insights into fundamental science. I have carried out research in theoretical superconductivity to further understanding of this phenomenon in both conventional and unconventional superconductors. The focus of my work is three-fold: 1) to calculate properties of superconductors for comparison with experiment; 2) to provide theoretical support for experimental groups studying superconductors; 3) to study new mechanisms for elucidating the nature of superconductivity in novel exotic superconductors, such as the high temperature superconductors. One of the main goals of this research is to use model calculations in conjunction with experiment to give important insight into the underlying mechanism of superconductivity.

超导是一种在接近绝对零（-273C）的极低温度下发生的现象，其中某些材料失去了对电流流动的所有阻力并成为完美的导体。超导性于 1911 年首次被发现，它继续为物理学和材料研究界带来重大的理论和实验挑战。近年来，新型超导体的发现速度惊人。 1986 年，人们发现了一系列新材料，取得了重大突破，该材料可以在比之前已知的温度高得多的温度下实现超导。由于超导技术的应用潜力和现有应用的改进，例如日本正在实施的高速 MAGLEV（磁悬浮）列车、用于电力传输的超导电缆、用于通信的微波滤波器、工业磁铁和 MRI（磁共振成像）医疗诊断。许多新型超导体都非常非常规，给传统超导理论带来了独特的困难，并且可能需要新的范式。预计对这些材料的研究不仅将为如何开发新材料和改进应用性能提供指导，还将带来对基础科学的新见解。我进行了理论超导研究，以进一步了解传统和非常规超导体中的这种现象。我的工作重点有三个：1）计算超导体的特性以与实验进行比较； 2）为研究超导体的实验组提供理论支持； 3）研究阐明新型奇异超导体（例如高温超导体）超导性质的新机制。这项研究的主要目标之一是结合使用模型计算和实验来深入了解超导的潜在机制。