Synthesis and characterization of Pt-Co/C binary and Pt-Co-Ni/C ternary core-shell structured nanoparticle electrocatalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

用于聚合物电解质膜燃料电池的Pt-Co/C二元和Pt-Co-Ni/C三元核壳结构纳米粒子电催化剂的合成与表征

• 批准号: 452756-2013
• 负责人: Bi, Xiaotao
• 金额: $ 4.52万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=554935
• 关键词: Synthesis; characterization; Pt; Co; binary

Due to its high power density, high energy conversion efficiency and zero emission, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell has been widely considered to be the future power devices for many different types of applications. As a result, extensive efforts have been made in the development of PEM fuel cell technology. Nevertheless, PEM fuel cells continue to face cost and durability challenges that are predominately determined by the fuel cell materials and components. Paramount among them is the cathode electrocatalyst that catalyzes the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Platinum (Pt) supported on carbon has been commonly used in the PEM fuel cells as the cathode electrocatalyst. However, the high cost of Pt makes the cathode electrocatalyst the most significant factor that is responsible for the high cost of fuel cells. Development of more efficient ORR catalysts to reduce the dosage of Pt or replace the expensive Pt has been the focus of many fuel cell researchers. In recent years, Pt-based alloys have been reported to have intrinsic enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity of Pt catalysts for ORR, which can potentially reduce the Pt dosage and improve the fuel cell performance. However, there is a poisoning effect of the non-precious metals dissolved from the Pt alloy under the harsh fuel cell operation environment, and this effect has been reported to cause durability issues. This effect has been reported to cause durability issues. In this work, we propose to use three approaches to synthesize core-shell structured nanoparticle electrocatalysts for applications in PEM fuel cells. The core-shell structured catalysts have a non-precious metal/metal alloy core and a Pt skin. This core-shell structured catalyst will significantly improve the utilization of Pt, enhance the intrinsic activity of Pt due to more favorable lateral strain which effectively prevents the leach-out of the non-precious metal. We plan first to systematically investigate the synthesis procedures of binary and ternary core-shell structured catalysts using various synthesis methods with the goal of developing a reliable and cost-effective process and then study the scale-up effect with an optimized synthesis route to at least 20 g/batch level. The proposed work is expected to lead to a practical industrial synthesis process to produce highly active core-shell structured catalysts for PEM fuel cells at a significantly low cost.

由于其高功率密度，高能转化效率和零发射，聚合物电解质膜（PEM）燃料电池被广泛认为是许多不同类型的应用的未来电源设备。结果，在PEM燃料电池技术的开发中已经做出了广泛的努力。然而，PEM燃料电池继续面临成本和耐用性挑战，这些挑战主要由燃料电池材料和组件决定。其中最重要的是催化氧还原反应（ORR）的阴极电催化剂。碳支持的铂（PT）通常在PEM燃料电池中用作阴极电催化剂。但是，PT的高成本使阴极电催化剂成为造成高成本燃料电池的最重要因素。开发更有效的ORR催化剂以减少PT剂量或替代昂贵的PT的剂量一直是许多燃料电池研究人员的重点。近年来，据报道，基于PT的合金具有ORR的PT催化剂的电催化活性的固有增强，这可能会降低PT剂量并改善燃料电池性能。但是，在刺激性的燃料电池操作环境下，从PT合金中溶于PT合金存在中毒作用，据报道这种作用会引起持久性问题。据报道，这种效果会导致耐用性问题。在这项工作中，我们建议使用三种方法将核壳结构化纳米颗粒电催化剂合成用于PEM燃料电池中的应用。核壳结构化催化剂的金属/金属合金芯和PT皮肤具有非私致的金属/金属合金芯。这种核壳结构化催化剂将显着改善PT的利用，从而增强PT的固有活性，因为侧向应变更有利，从而有效地阻止了非私有金属的浸出。我们计划首先使用各种合成方法系统地研究二元和三元核壳结构化催化剂的合成程序，以开发可靠且具有成本效益的过程，然后以优化的合成途径至少研究20 g/jatch水平。拟议的工作有望导致实用的工业合成过程，以产生高度活跃的PEM燃料电池的核心壳结构化催化剂，成本明显低。