Novel fluidized bed reactors for thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass residues to bioenergy, biofuels and biochemicals

用于将生物质残渣热催化转化为生物能源、生物燃料和生物化学品的新型流化床反应器

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04443
• 负责人: Bi, Xiaotao
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=686981
• 关键词: Novel; fluidized; bed; reactors; thermo

The three major challenges in the 21st century are food security, climate change and energy sustainability. Bioenergy is one promising renewable energy source, with low net CO2 emissions and potentially sustainable if the economical, environmental and social impacts are properly managed. There are abundant forest and agricultural biomass residues in Canada, with a potential to replace more than 50% fossil fuels currently consumed at BC alone. So far, only less than 20% has been processed into pellets and exported to Europe without benefit to GHG reduction in Canada. Our recent life cycle analysis revealed that exported pellets have ~25% fossil fuel content mostly associated with the ocean transport and densification. The development of clean and economically viable biomass conversion technologies for a domestic market is thus imperative to promote the local utilization of biomass residues in Canada. ****** Higher-value applications of biomass residues for the production of biofuels and biochemicals emerges either through the thermo-catalytic pathway or the biochemical pathway, in which biomass is first deconstructed into intermediates (syngas and bio-oil thermo-catalytically or sugars/extractives bio-chemically), which are then further upgraded to biofuels/chemicals via catalytic/biological reactions or fractionation. The key technical challenges in developing a viable thermo-catalytic pathway are: (1) how to improve the quality of bio-oil, (2) how to reduce the hydrogen demand in bio-oil upgrading, (3) how to remove tar to make clean syngas, (4) how to maximize the selectivity of targeted biofuels and chemicals in the upgrading process from syngas and bio-oil, and (5) how to avoid using fossil-derived hydrogen. ******The long term goal of my research will be centralized in developing novel multiphase reactor technologies for converting abundant forest, agricultural and municipal biomass residues to valuable bioenergy, biofuels and bioproducts, with a minimal environmental footprint. The research will focus on the development of new catalysts and novel reactor technologies to address key challenges in both chemical and thermo-catalytic conversion pathways aiming at breakthroughs in new, value-added and environmentally-friendly products. The proposed research in this Discovery program focuses on: (1) fundamental understanding of a novel microwave-assisted, gas pulsating, solids plug flow fluidized bed reactor for biomass torrefaction and catalytic pyrolysis, enabling the modeling, simulation and scale-up and design of such a novel reactor system; (2) development and characterization of low-cost multi-functional (catalyst, microwave absorber and soil nutrient) catalysts, derived from natural or waste materials, for biomass microwave catalytic pyrolysis and catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides for the treatment of flue gases from district biomass energy systems.

21世纪的三个主要挑战是粮食安全，气候变化和能源可持续性。生物能源是一种有希望的可再生能源，如果经济，环境和社会影响得到适当管理，则具有低净二氧化碳排放量，并且可能可持续。加拿大有大量的森林和农业生物量残留物，仅在卑诗省就消耗了50％以上的化石燃料。到目前为止，只有少于20％的颗粒被处理成颗粒，并出口到欧洲而没有受益于加拿大的温室气体。我们最近的生命周期分析表明，出口颗粒的化石燃料含量约为25％，主要与海洋运输和致密化有关。因此，必须开发用于国内市场的清洁和经济可行的生物量转化技术，即必须促进加拿大生物量残留物的当地利用。 *****生物量残留物在生物燃料和生物化学上生产的高价值应用是通过热催化途径或生物化学途径出现的，在该途径中，首先将生物量解构为中间体中的生物量（在中间体中，促成生物量和生物含量诱导的生物含量或糖的生物含量），然后通过生物/糖的化学量来进行生物/化学物质/化学物质，这是对生物量的化学方法，这是对生物量的化学方法，这是对生物量的化学方法，这是既定的），这是既定的），这是该化学物质，以便于生物量来实现生物量。催化/生物反应或分馏。 The key technical challenges in developing a viable thermo-catalytic pathway are: (1) how to improve the quality of bio-oil, (2) how to reduce the hydrogen demand in bio-oil upgrading, (3) how to remove tar to make clean syngas, (4) how to maximize the selectivity of targeted biofuels and chemicals in the upgrading process from syngas and bio-oil, and (5) how to avoid using化石衍生的氢。 *****我的研究的长期目标将集中在开发新型的多相反应堆技术中，以将丰富的森林，农业和市政生物量残基转化为有价值的生物能，生物燃料和生物生产，并具有最小的环境脚印。这项研究将着重于开发新的催化剂和新型反应堆技术，以应对旨在突破新，增值和环保产品的化学和热催化转化途径的关键挑战。该发现计划的拟议研究重点是：（1）对新型微波辅助，气体脉动，固体塞流动流动床反应器的基本理解，用于生物质圆锥形和催化热解，从而实现了这种新型反应器系统的建模，模拟，模拟和规模和规模和规模和规模； （2）源自天然或废料的低成本多功能（催化剂，微波吸收剂和土壤养分）的催化剂的发展和表征，用于生物质微波催化催化热解，以及氮氧化物的催化减少，用于从地区生物量能源系统中处理烟气。