Performance and control of physiological parameters for diabetes mellitus

糖尿病生理参数的表现和控制

• 批准号: 170135-2010
• 负责人: Kwok, Ezra
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=545793
• 关键词: Performance; control; physiological; parameters; diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus is a common chronic disease that is an ever-increasing public health issue. It is characterized by the inability of the body to control blood glucose concentration, resulting in plasma glucose concentration elevated beyond the normoglycemic range. Most of the long-term health problems associated with diabetes are nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular diseases and cerebral vascular events. Canadian data show that in 2005, 4.3% of adults (people 12 years of age and older) have been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. According to the Public Health Agency of Canada, there are an estimated 60,000 new cases of diagnosed diabetes every year in Canada. Once the disease has been developed in a patient, the most important key to reduce mortality and morbidity is to have better control of blood glucose. Previous research has been focused mostly on Type 1 because of the complete depletion of islet cell functions in producing insulin. The majority of patients suffer from Type 2 which is due to mostly insulin resistance and limited insulin secretion by islet cells. Currently, Type 2 patients are being treated with oral medications. Some of them will eventually require insulin injection. The ultimate goal of this proposed research is to improve the quality of living for diabetic patients by applying well-developed modeling and assessment principles in engineering to type 2 diabetes mellitus. The immediate short-term objectives are to model the insulin resistance and impaired insulin production using a type-2-specific diabetic model obtained from published patient data, simulate the pharmacological impact of different medications, as well as improve the spectral measurements of a micro-sensor for glucose detection. The outcome from the current research will provide better understanding of the dynamic interactions of different chemical units (body compartments) and the pharmacological impact on the chemical process (glucose regulation), and the results can be used to guide treatment directions for patients.

糖尿病是一种常见的慢性疾病，是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。其特点是身体无法控制血糖浓度，导致血浆葡萄糖浓度升高超出正常血糖范围。大多数与糖尿病相关的长期健康问题是肾病、视网膜病、神经病、心血管疾病和脑血管事件。加拿大数据显示，2005年，4.3%的成年人（12岁及以上）被诊断患有糖尿病。据加拿大公共卫生局称，加拿大每年估计有 60,000 例新诊断糖尿病病例。一旦患者患病，降低死亡率和发病率的最重要关键是更好地控制血糖。之前的研究主要集中在 1 型上，因为胰岛细胞产生胰岛素的功能完全丧失。大多数患者患有 2 型糖尿病，这主要是由于胰岛素抵抗和胰岛细胞分泌胰岛素有限所致。目前，2型患者正在接受口服药物治疗。其中一些最终需要注射胰岛素。这项研究的最终目标是通过在 2 型糖尿病工程中应用成熟的建模和评估原理来提高糖尿病患者的生活质量。近期目标是使用从已发表的患者数据中获得的 2 型特异性糖尿病模型来模拟胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素生成受损，模拟不同药物的药理学影响，以及改进微量药物的光谱测量。用于葡萄糖检测的传感器。目前的研究结果将有助于更好地理解不同化学单元（身体区室）的动态相互作用以及对化学过程（血糖调节）的药理学影响，并且结果可用于指导患者的治疗方向。