Global change effects on species distribution: space matters

全球变化对物种分布的影响：空间很重要

• 批准号: 203800-2009
• 负责人: Fortin, MarieJosee
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=523536
• 关键词: Global; change; effects; species; distribution

Species at all ecological level of organizations (individual, population, community) are affected by landscape spatial heterogeneity. In turn, such spatial heterogeneity is modified by the synergistic interactions among natural disturbances and global change (climate and landuse change). Examination of species spatial distributions and their dynamics through time can help to better understand the resulting effects of the combined ecological and environmental pressures that they are faced with. To disentangle the relative importance of these multiple pressures at the appropriate spatial and temporal scales, my long-term research objective is to develop spatial and spatio-temporal analytical methods to investigate the synergistic effects of natural disturbances and global change on species spatial distributions and persistence at multiple spatial scales and organizational levels. To this end, over the next five years my research group will investigate how species traits and species-level processes (individual movement, population dispersal, inter-specific interactions, predator-prey dynamics and community shifts) are affected by multiple disturbances. I will be focusing on a series of research projects that can be grouped into the following research objectives: (1) quantify the spatial dynamic of species distributions and assemblages; (2) investigate species spatial responses to landscape spatial heterogeneity as modified by disturbances and global change at the home range and geographical range levels; (3) modify undirected spatial graph algorithms designed for terrestrial landscapes in order to quantify (i) temporal connectivity, (ii) stream network (riverscape) directionally, (iii) predator-prey spatial interactions, and (iv) to compare and test for significant differences among spatial graphs based on landscape and genetic connectivity; and (4) integrate these new spatial and temporal graph algorithms to use them to select reserve networks that can functionally persist through time given forecasted global changes. These research projects will set the foundation of several future research avenues and analytical developments that will determine how space matters to the maintenance of biodiversity as well as species interactions through time.

组织的所有生态水平（个人，人口，社区）都受到景观空间异质性的影响。反过来，这种空间异质性是通过自然干扰和全球变化（气候和土地废物变化）之间的协同相互作用来改变的。 对物种空间分布及其动力学的检查可以帮助更好地理解它们所面临的生态和环境压力的产生影响。 为了消除在适当的空间和时间尺度上这些多种压力的相对重要性，我的长期研究目标是开发时空分析方法，以研究自然障碍和全球变化对物种空间分布的协同影响，并在多个空间尺度和组织水平上持久。 为此，在接下来的五年中，我的研究小组将研究物种特征和物种级别的过程（个人运动，人口分散，特定间相互作用，捕食者 - 捕集动力学和社区转移）如何受到多种干扰的影响。 我将重点介绍一系列可以分组到以下研究目标中的研究项目：（1）量化物种分布和组合的空间动态； （2）研究物种对景观空间异质性的空间响应，这些反应是由障碍和全球变化在房屋范围和地理范围水平上修改的； （3）修改无方向的空间图算法，专为地面景观而设计，以量化（i）时间连通性，（ii）流动网络（riverscape）方向，（iii）捕食者 - 捕食者空间相互作用，以及（iv）以比较和测试基于景观和遗传连接的空间图之间的显着差异； （4）整合这些新的空间和时间图算法，以选择它们可以在给定的预测全局变化的时间内持续到功能上持续存在的储备网络。 这些研究项目将为未来的研究途径和分析发展奠定基础，这些发展将确定空间对生物多样性的维持以及物种相互作用的重要性。