Spatio-Temporal Connectivity of Species, Communities and Ecosystems

物种、群落和生态系统的时空连通性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-05134
• 负责人: Fortin, MarieJosee
• 金额: $ 3.06万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631619
• 关键词: Spatio; Temporal; Connectivity; Species; Communities

Over the next five years, my research group (undergraduate students, PhDs and Post-docs) will investigate how individual-level processes (organism movement in fragmented landscapes), species-level processes (natal dispersal, meta-population dynamics), community-level processes (inter-specific interactions, predator-prey trophic dynamics and community shifts, meta-community dynamics), and ecosystem-level processes (ecosystem services, interface between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, meta-ecosystems) are affected by direct and indirect global change. A spatial ecology framework will be used to tackle these investigations. Specifically, my research team will focus on ecological networks and will develop spatio-temporal methods that can be regrouped into two overarching research themes: (i) Conceptual and analytical developments [projects 1, 2, 3] and (ii) Application and validation studies in meta-population [project 4], meta-community [project 5] and meta-ecosystem spatial analysis [project 6]. In particular, these research projects aim to: (1) develop a meta-modelling framework to integrate the key processes from one spatial scale to another in spatially-explicit forest response to climate and land use changes in temperate and boreal forests; (2) develop spatio-temporal and directional connectivity measures to model stream network (riverscape) functions on fish movement in light of warmer stream temperatures that will act as barriers to fish movement within streams; (3) develop a significance test to determine thresholds at which topological network structures can mitigate landscape spatial dynamics; (4) test how spatio-temporal connectivity varies in a dynamic and warming environment using a microcosm experiment; (5) quantify range shifts of odonates along a climatic gradient and range of landscape spatial heterogeneity; and (6) combine spatially explicit disturbance models at the landscape level with an individual based model of bird movement to determine the spatio-temporal connectivity thresholds needed to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem services. These research projects will set the foundation for several future research avenues and analytical developments. They will help to determine in which ways space matters to maintain species and how to restore ecosystems services in a changing world.

在接下来的五年中，我的研究小组（本科生，博士学位和毕业后）将调查如何调查个体水平的过程（碎片景观中的有机运动），物种级别的过程（自然散布，元群体群体动力学），社区级别的过程（特定于特定的互动，捕食者 - 捕食者动态和社区的动力学，META，META，META，META）过程（生态系统服务，陆地和水生生态系统之间的接口，元生态系统）受到直接和间接的全球变化的影响。空间生态框架将用于解决这些调查。 Specifically, my research team will focus on ecological networks and will develop spatio-temporal methods that can be regrouped into two overarching research themes: (i) Conceptual and analytical developments [projects 1, 2, 3] and (ii) Application and validation studies in meta-population [project 4], meta-community [project 5] and meta-ecosystem spatial analysis [project 6].特别是，这些研究项目的目的是：（1）开发一个元模型框架，以将关键过程从一个空间量表到另一个空间量表，以在空间解释的森林反应中对气候和北方森林的土地利用变化； （2）根据较暖的河流温度，将时空和方向连通性措施发展为模型流网络（Riverscape）在鱼运动上的功能，这将充当溪流中鱼类运动的障碍； （3）开发一个显着性测试，以确定拓扑网络结构可以减轻景观空间动态的阈值； （4）测试时空连通性如何使用缩影实验在动态和变暖的环境中变化； （5）定量沿气候梯度和景观空间异质性范围的ODONATES的范围移动； （6）将景观水平上的空间显式干扰模型与基于个体的鸟类运动模型相结合，以确定维持生物多样性和生态系统服务所需的时空连通性阈值。这些研究项目将为几个未来的研究途径和分析发展奠定基础。他们将有助于确定空间在哪些方面重要的维护物种以及如何在不断变化的世界中恢复生态系统服务。