Interaction between coherent fluid structures and highly compliant smart materials: towards small-scale energy harvesting

相干流体结构与高度顺应的智能材料之间的相互作用：面向小规模能量收集

• 批准号: 386282-2010
• 负责人: Peterson, Sean
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=510325
• 关键词: Interaction; between; coherent; fluid; structures

The increasing demand for lightweight, rechargeable, robust microelectronic devices has spawned considerable interest in small-scale energy harvesting sources and methodologies. An environmental energy source that has received relatively little scientific attention is coherent fluid structures, such as vortex rings and flow in the wake of a object. Vortex rings, a simple example of which is a "smoke ring" blown out of the mouth, occur in such varied places as the ventricles of the mammalian heart and in the wake of a swimming fish. Harvesting energy from coherent fluid structures can be accomplished using cantilevered beams constructed from highly deformable electro-active smart materials. Such materials generate an electrical response when deformed, thus they provide a method to directly convert mechanical energy, in the form of the fluid kinetic energy, into usable electrical energy. Efficiently harvesting energy from the coherent fluid structure/smart material-based cantilever necessitates that the interaction between the fluid and the structure be well understood. To date, research into the interplay between vortex rings (selected since they are well characterized mathematically and simple to produce experimentally) and mechanical structures has largely been limited to rigid planar walls. In the current case, the mechanical structure is capable of large time-varying deformations, which dramatically change the dynamics of the problem. The proposed research will consist of two phases; Phase I will be an extensive study of the complex problem of a vortex ring interacting with a highly deformable cantilever beam, while Phase II will focus on the energy harvesting aspects, including optimizing the power generation via a parametric study of the critical parameters, such as the material rigidity and angle of impact. The proposed research program has both fundamental and practical applications. The fundamental knowledge gained from studying the fluid/smart material interaction problem will be of increasing importance as smart materials continue to integrate into daily life. Of more immediate impact is the energy harvesting aspect of the study, which will aid in the design and development of long operating life sensors and microdevices.

对轻质，可充电，健壮的微电子设备的需求不断增长，这引起了人们对小规模能源收集来源和方法论的极大兴趣。 受到相对较少的科学关注的环境能源是连贯的流体结构，例如物体后的涡流环和流动。 Vortex环是一个简单的例子，其中是一个“烟环”从口中吹出，出现在诸如哺乳动物心脏的心室以及游泳鱼之后的各种地方。 可以使用由高度可变形的电动智能材料构建的悬臂梁从相干流体结构中收集能量。 这种材料在变形时会产生电响应，因此它们提供了一种直接以流体动能形式将机械能的方法转化为可用的电能。 有效地从相干的流体结构/基于智能材料的悬臂收集能量需要充分了解流体与结构之间的相互作用。 迄今为止，研究涡度环之间的相互作用（选择它们的数学表征和易于实验性地产生），并且机械结构在很大程度上仅限于刚性平面壁。 在当前情况下，机械结构能够发生大的时变变形，从而极大地改变了问题的动力学。 拟议的研究将由两个阶段组成。第一阶段将是对与高度可变形的悬臂梁相互作用的复杂问题的广泛研究，而第二阶段将集中在能量收集方面，包括通过对关键参数的参数研究来优化发电措施，例如物质刚度和冲击角度。 拟议的研究计划既具有基本应用和实际应用。 随着智能材料继续融入日常生活，研究流体/智能材料相互作用问题所获得的基本知识将越来越重要。 更直接的影响是该研究的能量收集方面，这将有助于长期运行寿命传感器和微型发言的设计和开发。