Strongly interacting cold atoms in optical lattices

光学晶格中强相互作用的冷原子

• 批准号: 288179-2008
• 负责人: Zhou, Fei
• 金额: $ 2.41万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=497951
• 关键词: Strongly; interacting; cold; atoms; optical

Since the observation of Bose-Einstein condensation of ultra cold atoms, there have been tremendous experimental and theoretical efforts to understand how each individual atom cooperates with others at nanokelvin temperatures and how fascinating correlations between cold atoms manifest themselves in various experiments. Milestone experiments in this field include the observation of superfluid-Mott insulating state transitions of rubidium atoms in optical lattices, the observation of Tonk-Girardeau gases, the observation of molecules and superfluids near Feshbach resonances of lithium or potassium atoms. It is widely accepted that many most sophisticated physical systems such as quantum condensed matter systems can be effectively simulated using cold atoms and one of the forefronts of cold atom research is to use ultra cold matter to investigate various outstanding issues of many-body physics. Optical lattices provide fascinating and unique opportunities to study superfluids, quantum magnetism and coherent quantum dynamics, and will lead to various breakthroughs in our understanding of fundamentals of interacting ultra cold atoms. These studies will shed light not only on how cold atoms behave at nanokelvin temperatures, but also on our understanding of issues such as high temperature superconductivity, quantum computation; the impact can go far beyond atomic, molecular and optics physics. This proposal focuses on correlations between ultra cold atoms in extreme quantum limits; especially, a) superfluids near Feshbach resonances and lattice Feshbach resonances; b) hyperfine spin correlated matter of ultra cold atoms, or more generally quantum magnetism in optical lattices; c) creation and detection of fractionalized topological excitations and detection of spin correlations of cold atoms; d) beyond-mean-field coherent dynamics especially coherent spin dynamics.

自从观察到超冷原子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚以来，人们付出了巨大的实验和理论努力来了解每个单独的原子在纳开尔文温度下如何与其他原子合作，以及冷原子之间令人着迷的相关性如何在各种实验中表现出来。该领域的里程碑式实验包括光学晶格中铷原子的超流体-莫特绝缘态转变的观察、唐克-吉拉多气体的观察、锂或钾原子的费什巴赫共振附近的分子和超流体的观察。人们普遍认为，许多最复杂的物理系统（例如量子凝聚态物质系统）可以使用冷原子进行有效模拟，而冷原子研究的前沿之一是使用超冷物质来研究多体物理的各种突出问题。光学晶格为研究超流体、量子磁性和相干量子动力学提供了令人着迷且独特的机会，并将在我们理解超冷原子相互作用的基础知识方面带来各种突破。这些研究不仅将揭示冷原子在纳开尔文温度下的行为，而且有助于我们理解高温超导、量子计算等问题；其影响远远超出了原子、分子和光学物理学的范围。该提案的重点是极端量子极限下的超冷原子之间的相关性；特别是，a）接近费什巴赫共振和晶格费什巴赫共振的超流体； b) 超冷原子的超精细自旋相关物质，或更普遍的是光学晶格中的量子磁性； c) 分段拓扑激发的创建和检测以及冷原子自旋相关性的检测； d) 超平均场相干动力学尤其是相干自旋动力学。