Biotransformation of commercial chemicals in food-webs

食物网中商业化学品的生物转化

• 批准号: 111603-2009
• 负责人: Gobas, Frank
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=497648
• 关键词: Biotransformation; commercial; chemicals; food; webs

This research program aims to enhance knowledge of the environmental fate and effects of commercial chemicals and to develop better methods for measuring & assessing chemical exposure and risks to wildlife & humans in support of national and international initiatives to protect human and environmental health. Previous research involved the role of physical-chemical factors controlling the bioaccumulation of chemicals in aquatic and terrestrial food-webs. The proposed research investigates the role of biotransformation on bioaccumulation in food-webs. The lack of methods to measure biotransformation rates and the subsequent lack of biotransformation data for most commercial substances have now been identified as a key scientific knowledge gap in the on-going evaluation of the fate and effects of chemicals in the environment. The goal of the research is (i) to develop methods for determining the rate of biotransformation of chemicals in in-vitro and in-vivo studies and (ii) to investigate the relationship between biotransformation rates measured in in-vitro and in-vivo studies and in the field and (iii) to develop and test mathematical bioaccumulation models for metabolizing substances that can be used for regulatory purposes. The research includes 4 projects involving a common set of chemical substances. Project 1 includes the development of a novel in-vitro dosing system to measure in-vitro biotransformation rates of extremely hydrophobic substances in liver and intestinal homogenates. Project 2 develops and applies methods for measuring in-vivo biotransformation rates in rats and rainbow trout. Project 3 involves the development of a pharmacokinetic model for relating in-vitro and in-vivo biotransformation rates. Project 4 develops and tests a food-chain bioaccumulation model for substances that undergo biotransformation. This research produces benefits to (i) wildlife and human health (by identifying harmful substances), (ii) chemical manufacturers (by improving regulatory chemical evaluation protocols), (iii) environmental consulting industry (by establishing know-how on biotransformation test protocols, and (iv) supports the Canadian government in their national and international initiatives of chemical stewardship.

该研究计划旨在增强对商业化学品的环境命运和影响的了解，并开发出更好的方法来测量和评估对野生动植物和人类的化学曝光和风险，以支持国家和国际倡议，以保护人类和环境健康。先前的研究涉及控制化学物质在水生和陆生食物中的生物积累的物理化学因素的作用。拟议的研究调查了生物转化对生物蓄积在食品奖中的作用。现在，缺乏测量生物转化率的方法以及随后缺乏大多数商业物质的生物转化数据，现在已经被确定为对环境中化学物质的命运和影响的持续评估中的关键科学知识差距。这项研究的目的是（i）开发用于确定体外和体内研究中化学物质的生物转化速率和（ii）的研究，以调查生物转化率在体外和体内研究中测量的生物转化速率，以及在现场以及（iii）中开发和测试生物量的典范模型，并在现场进行数学化的范围。该研究包括4个涉及一组普通化学物质的项目。项目1包括开发一种新型的体外剂量系统，​​以测量肝脏和肠道匀浆中极端疏水性物质的体外生物转化速率。项目2开发并采用了测量大鼠和彩虹鳟鱼体内生物转化率的方法。项目3涉及开发用于关联体外和体内生物转化率的药代动力学模型。项目4开发并测试了经历生物转化的物质的食物链生物积累模型。这项研究为（i）野生动植物和人类健康带来了好处（通过确定有害物质），（ii）化学制造商（通过改善监管化学化学评估方案），（iii）环境咨询行业（通过建立生物转化测试协议的知识，以及（iv）支持其民族和国际化学启动的加拿大政府。