Marine biodiversity in rocky subtidal habitats:Spatio-temporal dynamics, controlling factors and conservation

岩石潮下生境的海洋生物多样性：时空动态、控制因素和保护

• 批准号: 364903-2008
• 负责人: Rochette, Rémy
• 金额: $ 0.73万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=483387
• 关键词: Marine; biodiversity; rocky; subtidal; habitats

Coastal marine habitats and organisms are being compromised at an unprecedented rate by human activities and most effects are going unnoticed because insufficient resources are invested in describing what lives in our oceans. In this project, we propose to develop a tool and monitoring program to assist the management of regions in the Bay of Fundy that have recently been identified as Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas by the supporting organization, the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO). This project will test the use of settlement cages (collectors) as a tool for monitoring biodiversity of benthic marine invertebrates and small benthic fishes in rocky subtidal habitats. The collectors offer a method for comparing biodiversity among sites and regions in a standardized way with low impact to the environment. Identification of species will be based on morphological characteristics and DNA barcoding. Collectors will be used to examine spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity using a spatially nested study design in 5 areas in southwestern New Brunswick, and the relationship of these patterns to physical factors (temperature, salinity, bottom type). The group of species found in the collectors will be compared to those in bottom samples from the sites to calibrate this monitoring tool. A field experiment will quantify the impact of predation on larval settlement and early post-settlement mortality. In addition to generating useful scientific information for the monitoring and management of biodiversity in general, this project will examine settlement patterns of species with particular ecological and/or economical significance, such as the American lobster. The proposed research is expected to provide scientific data that should immediately contribute to DFO's management of Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas in the Bay of Fundy and is expected to result in the development of a standardized tool and protocol DFO will be able to use to continue monitoring biodiversity in these and other significant marine areas in the future.

人类活动正在以前所未有的速度对沿海海洋栖息地和生物体造成损害，而且大多数影响都被忽视，因为没有投入足够的资源来描述海洋中的生物。在该项目中，我们建议开发一个工具和监测计划，以协助芬迪湾区域的管理，这些区域最近被支持组织渔业和海洋部 (DFO) 确定为具有生态和生物意义的区域。该项目将测试使用聚落网箱（收集器）作为监测岩石潮下生境中底栖海洋无脊椎动物和小型底栖鱼类生物多样性的工具。收集者提供了一种以标准化方式比较不同地点和地区生物多样性的方法，对环境影响较小。 物种鉴定将基于形态特征和 DNA 条形码。收集器将用于使用新不伦瑞克省西南部 5 个区域的空间嵌套研究设计来检查生物多样性的空间和时间模式，以及这些模式与物理因素（温度、盐度、底部类型）的关系。收集器中发现的物种组将与现场底部样本中的物种进行比较，以校准该监测工具。现场实验将量化捕食对幼虫定居和定居后早期死亡率的影响。除了为生物多样性的监测和管理提供有用的科学信息外，该项目还将研究具有特定生态和/或经济意义的物种的定居模式，例如美洲龙虾。拟议的研究预计将提供科学数据，这些数据应立即有助于 DFO 对芬迪湾生态和生物重要区域的管理，并预计将导致开发标准化工具和协议，DFO 将能够使用它来继续监测未来这些和其他重要海洋区域的生物多样性。