Fundamentals of protein interactions and their engineering applications

蛋白质相互作用的基础及其工程应用

• 批准号: 106042-2011
• 负责人: Legge, Raymond
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=475397
• 关键词: Fundamentals; protein; interactions; their; engineering

Proteins have the ability to interact not only with themselves, but with other biological constituents and other materials. When these interactions are abnormal in humans, these interactions may cause disease, such as the neurodegenerative disease known as Huntington's. These interactions are also important in a large number of biochemical industrial processes ranging from fouling of membranes used in the treatment of drinking water to the production of degradable plastics and films to medical diagnostic systems. The objective of the proposed research is to apply non-destructive methods to follow protein interactions of various types. The study of these interactions is useful in that it will provide insight into the fundamentals governing these interactions and ways of either controlling them or reducing them depending on the situation. In the environment, proteins are part of what is referred to as natural organic matter or NOM. NOM is also a significant membrane foulant and there are many issues surrounding NOM. For example, membrane fouling in drinking water treatment adds to the cost borne by municipalities for water treatment as it requires that the membranes be periodically regenerated or cleaned. Either by monitoring or understanding the mechanisms of fouling approaches to minimize fouling (for example incorporation of appropriate pretreatment methods such as biofiltration) or optimization approaches can be applied. In many water treatment processes, disinfection is an important step. Unfortunately we now recognize that disinfection by-products (DBPs) from NOM can cause serious human health problems such as cancer or serve as endocrine disruptors. Having tools to monitor NOM constituents can provide insight into the components that contribute to DBPs and ways of minimizing their formation (for example, the use of flocculants prior to membrane filtration to remove the DBP's) and improve drinking water quality and human health.

蛋白质不仅具有与自己相互作用，而且具有与其他生物成分和其他材料相互作用的能力。 当这些相互作用在人类中异常时，这些相互作用可能会引起疾病，例如称为亨廷顿的神经退行性疾病。 这些相互作用在大量的生化工业过程中也很重要，从用于治疗饮用水的膜的结垢到生产可降解的塑料和膜到医疗诊断系统。 拟议的研究的目的是应用非破坏性方法来遵循各种类型的蛋白质相互作用。 对这些相互作用的研究很有用，因为它将洞悉控制这些相互作用的基本原理以及控制它们或根据情况减少它们的方法。 在环境中，蛋白质是所谓的天然有机物或NOM的一部分。 NOM也是一个重要的膜污垢，围绕NOM有许多问题。例如，饮用水处理中的膜结垢增加了市政当局进行水处理的成本，因为它要求定期再生或清洁膜。 通过监视或了解最小化结垢方法的机制（例如合并适当的预处理方法（例如生物滤过）），或可以应用优化方法。 在许多水处理过程中，消毒是重要的一步。 不幸的是，我们现在认识到，NOM的消毒副产品（DBP）可能会引起严重的人类健康问题，例如癌症或用作内分泌破坏者。 拥有监测NOM成分的工具可以提供有关有助于DBP的组成部分的洞察力，并可以最大程度地减少其形成方式（例如，在膜过滤之前使用絮凝剂以消除DBP）并改善饮用水质量和人类健康。