Technologies for thermochemical conversion of agricultural and forestry residues into fuels and chemicals

农林废弃物热化学转化为燃料和化学品的技术

• 批准号: 4085-2009
• 负责人: Berruti, Franco
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=473783
• 关键词: Technologies; thermochemical; conversion; agricultural; forestry

Pyrolytic conversion of a large variety of agricultural and forestry residues into liquid bio-oils and solid biochar is a very attractive technology that has been perfected and scaled up in our laboratories of the Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources (ICFAR). Bio-oils offer a large variety of alternative applications, including their use as fuels, pesticides, insecticides, flavors, and pharmaceuticals. However, their characteristics vary greatly as a function of the original feedstock and of the operating conditions and, typically, they cannot be immediately utilized without further processing and upgrading. Similarly, the pyrolytic bio-char needs to be upgraded to take full advantage of its characteristics and maximize its value. Therefore, building on previous experience and track record, the main objectives of the proposed research program include (a) continuous improvements of the fluid bed technology to allow the efficient processing of an ever expanding array of materials that are carefully selected to avoid competition with food or other more efficient biological conversion processes (agricultural and forestry residues, co-products of the food processing industry, and byproducts generated in biological conversion processes), and (b) the development of upgrading technologies for bio-oils and bio-chars produced from different residues to make them suitable for integration into the existing markets for conventional fossil fuels and chemicals as individual products or as blends. These objectives will be achieved by undertaking new projects, all involving graduate students, on (1) the improvement of the solid feeders for fluid bed pyrolyzers to handle cohesive and fibrous biomass materials; (2) investigating fractional condensation to achieve a primary separation of fractions of bio-oil that could then separately utilized or upgraded using appropriate reaction pathways; (3) studying physical and chemical upgrading of bio-chars; and (4) conducting a comprehensive research program on bio-oil catalytic and thermal upgrading, including the potential and synergies derived from the co-processing (co-pyrolysis) of biomass/bio-oils and of Canadian heavy hydrocarbons (refinery heavy bottoms, heavy oils and bitumens).

将多种农业和林业残留物热解转化为液体生物油和固体生物炭是一项非常有吸引力的技术，该技术已在替代资源化学品和燃料研究所 (ICFAR) 的实验室中得到完善和扩大。 生物油提供了多种替代应用，包括用作燃料、杀虫剂、杀虫剂、香料和药品。 然而，它们的特性随着原始原料和操作条件的不同而变化很大，通常，如果不进一步加工和升级，它们不能立即使用。 同样，热解生物炭也需要进行升级改造，以充分利用其特性，最大化其价值。因此，根据以往的经验和跟踪记录，拟议研究计划的主要目标包括：(a) 不断改进流化床技术，以有效处理不断扩大的材料系列，这些材料经过精心挑选，以避免与食品竞争或其他更有效的生物转化过程（农业和林业残留物、食品加工业的副产品以及生物转化过程中产生的副产品），以及（b）开发由生物油和生物炭生产的升级技术不同的残留物使它们适合作为单独产品或混合物融入传统化石燃料和化学品的现有市场。 这些目标将通过开展新项目来实现，所有项目都涉及研究生，这些项目涉及（1）改进流化床热解器的固体进料器以处理粘性和纤维状生物质材料； (2) 研究分馏冷凝以实现生物油馏分的初步分离，然后可以使用适当的反应途径单独利用或升级； (3)研究生物炭的物理化学升级； (4) 开展一项关于生物油催化和热升级的综合研究计划，包括生物质/生物油和加拿大重质烃（炼油厂重质残渣、重油和沥青）。