Eyetracker for language & concepts research group

语言眼动仪

• 批准号: 390456-2010
• 负责人: McRae, Kenneth
• 金额: $ 3.96万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=443196
• 关键词: Eyetracker; language; concepts; research; group

The goals of this proposal are to get a better grasp on how people understand language, and how they are able to acquire the concepts and categories that enable them to function in today's world. Focusing first on language, developing clear ideas or theories regarding how people understand the language that they read or hear is an important part of discovering how the mind and brain work. To understand how people process language requires getting a firm handle on what they are doing moment-to-moment. One of the best ways to do so is to track precisely where people's eyes are fixating as they read (that is, what words or letters they are looking at, and how long they look at them). Another way is to present objects or scenes that are relevant to the language that people are hearing, and then to monitor precisely what people are looking at as they listen to speech. Clever manipulations of scenes and language can uncover the degree to which people's understanding of speech lags behind the speech, or actually anticipates what might be spoken next. Furthermore, errors that people make, for example, looking at an object that is irrelevant to the spoken message, can reveal sources of language problems. Therefore, one goal of this NSERC equipment grant is to purchase an eyetracker that will allow us to monitor the fixations of normal children, adults, and children with dyslexia as they process language. The results of the experiments using this eyetracker will help in developing theories of language processing, as well as developing better therapies for those with language difficulties. In terms of concepts and categories, both vision and language are important aspects of people's ability to form categories such as "dogs" or "vehicles". Categories allow us to recognize things in our world, and to respond to them appropriately. Eyetracking can reveal moment-to-moment aspects of precisely what children and adults are doing when they are acquiring the knowledge necessary for categorization. Therefore, the second goal of this proposal grant is to use the eyetracker to obtain a more precise characterization of how people use both verbal and visual information while they acquire and use categories.

该提案的目标是更好地了解人们如何理解语言，以及他们如何获得使他们能够在当今世界运作的概念和类别。首先关注语言，开发有关人们如何理解自己阅读或听到的语言的明确思想或理论是发现思想和大脑如何工作的重要组成部分。要了解人们如何处理语言需要确定自己在做时刻的事情。这样做的最好方法之一是准确跟踪人们在阅读时的眼睛固定的位置（即他们正在看的单词或字母，以及它们看着它们的时间）。另一种方法是呈现与人们听到的语言相关的对象或场景，然后在人们听言语时准确地监视人们所看的内容。对场景和语言的巧妙操纵可以揭示人们对演讲背后语音滞后的理解，或者实际上预期接下来会说什么。此外，人们会犯有与口语无关的对象的错误，可以揭示语言问题的来源。因此，这项NSERC设备拨款的一个目标是购买眼球行驶器，该目击者将使我们能够在处理语言时监视正常儿童，成人和患有阅读障碍的儿童的固定。使用此眼影仪的实验结果将有助于开发语言处理的理论，并为具有语言困难的人开发更好的疗法。就概念和类别而言，视觉和语言都是人们形成诸如“狗”或“车辆”之类的类别能力的重要方面。类别使我们能够认识到世界上的事物，并适当地回应它们。目击者可以揭示儿童和成年人获得分类所需的知识时所做的事情的准确性方面。因此，该提案赠款的第二个目标是使用眼影架来获得更精确的表征，以了解人们在获取和使用类别时如何同时使用言语和视觉信息。