Adolescent Health and Development in Context

青少年健康与发展的背景

• 批准号: 8210117
• 负责人: Christopher R Browning
• 金额: $ 60.98万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8210117
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adult; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Area; Attention; Behavioral; Businesses; Caregivers; Censuses; Characteristics; Church; Cluster Analysis; Code; Communities; Complex; County; Crime; Critical Pathways; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disadvantaged; Economics; Family; Family Characteristics; Health; Household and Family; Influentials; Information Systems; Intervention; Location; Measurement; Measures; Neighborhoods; Ohio; Outcome; Personal Satisfaction; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Problem behavior; Process; Psyche structure; Race; Recreation; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Risk Behaviors; Role; Sampling; Schools; Sex Behavior; Shapes; Social Characteristics; Social Environment; Social Network; Statistical Models; Structure; Supervision; Surveys; Time; Victimization; Youth; behavioral health; contextual factors; design; experience; innovation; mental state; peer; physical conditioning; programs; psychologic; social; social capital; time use

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose an unprecedented data collection effort emphasizing the impact of spatial and social exposures on risk behavior, victimization, and mental/physical health for a large sample of youth (N=5,200) and their caregivers in Franklin County, Ohio. The proposed study has three overarching aims: (1) examine the influence of key structural and social process characteristics of multiple social contexts on youth developmental outcomes (risk behavior, victimization, and mental/physical health); (2) examine situational effects on youth developmental outcomes in real time; and (3) examine the extent to which youth's "communities"-i.e., the networks of actors and settings in which adolescents are embedded through routine exposure-influence their health and developmental outcomes. This project offers three significant advances over prior contextual studies of youth development. First, we will collect data on a comprehensive array of developmentally relevant settings including family/household, residential, school, social network, and other formal and informal "activity space" contexts (e.g., churches, recreation centers, businesses, and "hang out" locations). This multi-contextual emphasis will enable us to examine the influence of a wide range of contextual exposures on significant aspects of youth well-being. Second, we will use Ecological Momentary Assessment to collect real-time data on behavioral settings, including peer presence, adult supervision, the level of structure characterizing activities, and behavioral/health outcomes. These space-time situated network data will offer empirical linkages between the social network and spatial contexts of youth development enabling analyses of situational influences on setting outcomes. Third, we will collect geo-coded data on the spatial and organizational settings of youth activities to identify overlapping activity locations among sampled youth (e.g., subjects who spend time at the same school, church, park, etc.). This information will be used to construct actor-setting affiliation networks among youth and activity locations, capturing heretofore unmeasured "community" structure. Characteristics of the communities in which adolescents are embedded may have important implications for well-being, above and beyond those contexts typically measured in prior research. Our analytic approach will combine spatial and multilevel spatial statistical models to explore key hypotheses. Findings from the study have the potential to illuminate critical pathways through which contextual factors influence adolescent well-being. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will contribute to a better understanding of how the contexts of adolescent development-including schools, residential areas, activity spaces, and social network ties- contribute to risk behavior, victimization and mental/physical health. Findings from the research may help guide interventions that aim to address urban adolescent health, both with respect to the types of contexts that should be targeted for intervention and the social characteristics of contexts that are most likely to be influential with respect to adolescent outcomes.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出一项前所未有的数据收集工作，强调空间和社会暴露对富兰克林县大量青少年样本（N = 5,200）及其照顾者的危险行为、受害和心理/身体健康的影响，俄亥俄州。拟议的研究有三个总体目标：（1）研究多种社会背景的关键结构和社会过程特征对青少年发展结果（危险行为、受害和心理/身体健康）的影响； (2) 实时考察情境对青少年发展成果的影响； (3) 考察青少年的“社区”——即青少年通过日常接触而融入其中的行动者网络和环境——在多大程度上影响他们的健康和发展结果。与之前的青年发展背景研究相比，该项目取得了三项重大进展。首先，我们将收集一系列与发展相关的环境的数据，包括家庭、住宅、学校、社交网络以及其他正式和非正式的“活动空间”环境（例如教堂、娱乐中心、企业和“闲逛”） “地点）。这种多情境的强调将使我们能够研究广泛的情境接触对青年福祉重要方面的影响。其次，我们将使用生态瞬时评估来收集行为设置的实时数据，包括同伴存在、成人监督、特征活动的结构水平以及行为/健康结果。这些时空网络数据将提供社交网络和青年发展的空间背景之间的经验联系，从而能够分析情境对环境结果的影响。第三，我们将收集有关青少年活动的空间和组织设置的地理编码数据，以识别抽样青少年中重叠的活动地点（例如，在同一所学校、教堂、公园等处度过时间的受试者）。这些信息将用于在青少年和活动地点之间构建行动者设定的联系网络，捕捉迄今为止无法衡量的“社区”结构。青少年所处社区的特征可能对福祉产生重要影响，其影响超出了先前研究中通常测量的背景。我们的分析方法将结合空间和多级空间统计模型来探索关键假设。该研究的结果有可能阐明背景因素影响青少年福祉的关键途径。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究将有助于更好地了解青少年发展的环境（包括学校、居住区、活动空间和社交网络联系）如何影响危险行为、受害和心理/身体健康。研究结果可能有助于指导旨在解决城市青少年健康问题的干预措施，包括应针对干预​​的环境类型以及最有可能对青少年结局产生影响的环境的社会特征。