Attentional Functions of the Pulvinar

枕丘的注意功能

基本信息

批准号：
8005851
负责人：
SABINE KASTNER
金额：
$ 24.15万
依托单位：
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-08-01 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8005851
关键词：
Action Potentials Area Attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Attentional deficit Behavior Behavioral Brain Brain imaging Cell Nucleus Cognition Cognitive Communication Data Detection Electrodes Environment Goals Health Human Impairment Individual Lateral Geniculate Body Lesion Light Location Macaca Maps Measures Mediating Mental disorders Monkeys Neurons Parietal Parietal Lobe Patients Perception Phase Physiology Play Positioning Attribute Primates Process Public Health Pulvinar structure Research Role Schizophrenia Staging Stimulus Stroke Structure Technology Testing Thalamic Nuclei Thalamic structure Variant Visual Visual Cortex Visual Pathways Visual attention Visual system structure Visuospatial Work attentional modulation directed attention effective therapy frontal eye fields lateral intraparietal area nervous system disorder neuroimaging neuromechanism operation public health relevance relating to nervous system response selective attention spatial neglect transmission process treatment strategy visual process visual processing

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The selection of relevant information from cluttered environments for further processing is one of the most fundamental cognitive abilities for guiding behavior. This becomes strikingly clear when attentional selection mechanisms fail, such as in individuals afflicted with ADHD, visuospatial hemineglect that is often observed after stroke, and schizophrenia. Converging evidence from physiology and functional brain imaging studies reveals that attentional selection occurs at multiple stages along the visual pathway. E.g. neural responses are modulated by spatially directed attention to a target location as early as in the lateral geniculate nucleus and at each successive visual processing stage. These modulatory influences appear to be generated by a network of higher-order areas in frontal and parietal cortex including the frontal eye fields and lateral intraparietal area (LIP). While much effort has been made towards an understanding of attentional mechanisms at the cortical level, the functional role of subcortical areas is poorly defined. There is evidence from human and macaque lesion studies that a large thalamic nucleus, the pulvinar, plays an important role in the selection process. The pulvinar is widely connected with fronto-parietal and visual cortex and is thus well positioned to influence communication across the cortex. However, very few physiology studies probing pulvinar activity during attentional selection tasks have been performed. The goal of the proposed research is to characterize attentional function in the pulvinar (SA #1) and to characterize how the pulvinar and cortex interact during attentional selection (SA #2). The central hypothesis is that the pulvinar coordinates activity in cortical areas, in order to regulate information transmission according to attentional requirements. To test this hypothesis, we will simultaneously record neural activity in the pulvinar and cortical area LIP, while monkeys perform a selective attention task. The proposed research is aimed at advancing our understanding of the neural mechanisms and the network interactions that mediate attentional functions in the primate brain. Progress in understanding the basic mechanisms of selective attention is a first necessary step in developing effective treatment strategies for attentional deficits. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research is relevant to public health because it is expected to advance our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying selective attention, which is one of the most fundamental cognitive abilities for guiding behavior. This becomes strikingly clear when attentional selection mechanisms fail, such as in individuals afflicted with ADHD, visuo-spatial hemineglect that is often observed following stroke, and schizophrenia. Progress in understanding the basic mechanisms of selective attention is a first necessary step in developing effective treatment strategies for attentional deficits.

描述（申请人提供）：从杂乱的环境中选择相关信息进行进一步处理是指导行为的最基本的认知能力之一。当注意力选择机制失效时，这一点变得非常明显，例如患有多动症、中风后经常观察到的视觉空间偏侧忽视和精神分裂症的个体。来自生理学和功能性脑成像研究的综合证据表明，注意力选择发生在视觉通路的多个阶段。例如。早在外侧膝状核中以及在每个连续的视觉处理阶段，神经反应就通过对目标位置的空间定向注意力进行调节。这些调节影响似乎是由额叶和顶叶皮质中的高阶区域网络产生的，包括额叶眼区和外侧顶叶内区域（LIP）。尽管人们在理解皮质水平的注意力机制方面付出了很多努力，但皮质下区域的功能作用尚不清楚。人类和猕猴损伤研究的证据表明，一个大的丘脑核（丘脑核）在选择过程中发挥着重要作用。枕丘与额顶叶和视觉皮层广泛连接，因此能够很好地影响整个皮层的交流。然而，很少有生理学研究探讨注意力选择任务期间的枕垫活动。拟议研究的目标是表征脑枕中的注意力功能（SA #1），并表征脑枕和皮层在注意力选择过程中如何相互作用（SA #2）。中心假设是枕丘协调皮质区域的活动，以便根据注意力要求调节信息传输。为了验证这一假设，我们将在猴子执行选择性注意力任务时同时记录枕丘和皮质区域 LIP 的神经活动。拟议的研究旨在增进我们对调节灵长类大脑注意力功能的神经机制和网络相互作用的理解。理解选择性注意的基本机制的进展是制定有效的注意力缺陷治疗策略的第一个必要步骤。公共健康相关性：这项研究与公共健康相关，因为它有望增进我们对选择性注意背后的神经机制的理解，选择性注意是指导行为的最基本的认知能力之一。当注意力选择机制失败时，这一点变得非常明显，例如患有多动症、中风后经常观察到的视觉空间偏侧忽视和精神分裂症的个体。理解选择性注意的基本机制的进展是制定有效的注意力缺陷治疗策略的第一个必要步骤。